Unit 6 Vocab Chapter 16 Flashcards
the idea that portions of an urban area have specific and distinct purposes
Functional zones
the commercial heart of a city
Central business district
land in the center of a city will have higher value than land further away; higher-order services often dominate the center
Bid-rent theory
when commercial interests benefit each other
Commensal relationship
areas where people live
Residential zones
describes a city as a series of rings that surrounds a central business district. CBD, transition zones, three residential zones
Concentric zone model
Different types of land use were all located near the CBD and expanded into sectors
Sector model (Hoyt’s model)
functional zonation occurs along multiple centers
Harris and Ullman multiple-nuclei model
variant of the multiple-nuclei model, suburban neighborhoods surrounding an inner city and served by nodes of commercial activity
Peripheral model
the original CBD become surrounded by a system of smaller nodes that may grow large enough to become edge cities
Galactic city model
nodes of economic activity that have developed in the periphery of large cities
Edge cities
focal religious point in Islamic cities surrounded by a complex of structures to serve the public
Mosque
a fort designed to protect Islamic cities
Citadel
traditional Islamic outdoor markets or covered bazaars
Suqs
often used for Latin-American cities; two part CBD at the center
Griffin-Ford model
sector in which theaters, restaurants, parks, and other amenities are located
Commercial spine
growing secondary sector of a city
Mall
the outer ring of the city; shows poverty, lack of infrastructure and shantytowns
Periférico
areas of poorly built housing
Shantytowns
neighborhoods marked by extreme poverty, homelessness, and lawlessness
Favelas (barrios)
areas not connected to city services and under the control of criminals
Disamenity zones
before European colonization, has small shops clustered along narrow, twisting streets
Traditional CBD
broad, straight avenues and large homes, parks, and administrative centers
Colonial CBD
thrives with curbside, car-side, and stall-based businesses that often hire people temporarily and do not follow all regulations
Informal economy zone
places where small-scale merchants congregate weekly or yearly to sell their goods
Periodic markets
area in a city that is less developed; where people live on land illegally and build homes
Informal settlements
densely populated informal settlements
Squatter settlements
describes the land use of Southeast Asia where the focus of the modern city is often a formal colonial port zone
McGee model
regulations that define how property in specific geographic regions may be used
Zoning ordinances
a process of promoting growth and controlling change in land use
Urban planning
areas of a city devoted to where people live
Residential zones
residential areas surrounding the CBD
Inner city
as one moves farther from the inner city population and housing-unit density declines
Residential density gradient
process by which houses pass from one social group to another
Filtering
the process by which an ethnic enclave neighborhood changes to another group
Invasion and succession
the process of increasing the residential density of an area by replacing open space with residences
Urban infill
the movement of commerce out of cities to suburbs where rents are cheaper and commutes are shorter
Suburbanization of business
the facilities and systems that serve the population
Infrastructure
the local government of a city or town and the services it provides
Municipal
a local entity that is all under the same jurisdiction
Municipality
the process of adding land to a city’s legally defined territory
Annexation
the act of legally joining together to form a new city
Incorporation
a residential suburb inhabited largely by people who commute to a nearby city for work
Bedroom communities
regions that do not fall within the legal boundary of any city or municipality
Unincorporated areas
buses, subways, light rail, and trains that are operated by a government agency
Public transportation
