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AP Government > Vocab :( [Unit 4] > Flashcards

Vocab :( [Unit 4] Flashcards

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1
Q

Political Culture

A

The dominant set of beliefs, costume, traditions, and values that define the relationship between citizens and government

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2
Q

Individualism

A

The belief that individuals should be responsible for themselves and for the decisions they make

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3
Q

Laissez-faire

A

An economic system in which government intrudes as little as possible in the economic transactions among citizens and businesses

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4
Q

Rule of law

A

The principle that no one, including public officials, is above the law

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5
Q

Political socialization

A

The experiences and factions that shape and individuals political values, attitudes, and behaviors

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6
Q

Political ideology

A

An individuals coherent set of beliefs about government and politics

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7
Q

Generational effect

A

The impact of historical events experienced by a generation upon their political views

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8
Q

Life-cycle effect

A

The impact of a persons age and stage in life on his or her political views

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9
Q

Globalization

A

The increasing interconnected was of people, businesses, and countries throughout the world

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10
Q

MNC

A

Multi National corp

Ex: Nike, McDonald’s

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11
Q

NGO

A

Nongovernmental organization

Ex: Doctors Without Borders

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12
Q

IGO

A

Intergovernmental organization

Ex: European Union (eu)

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13
Q

WTO

A

World trade organization

Technically and IGO

Encourages free trade flow of good/money/service between countries

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14
Q

NAFTA

A

North Atlantic free trade agreement

U.S, Canada, Mexico

Creates jobs + trade

Globalization

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15
Q

Outsourcing

A

When a company moves it’s business to a place where labor costs are cheaper or production is more efficient bc workers work longer hours

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16
Q

Public opinion

A

The sum of individual attitudes about government, policies, and issues

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17
Q

Focus Group

A

A small group of individuals assembled for a conversation about specific issues

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18
Q

Scientific poll

A

A representative poll of randomly selected respondents with a statistically significant sample size, using neutral language

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19
Q

Sample

A

A group of individuals from a larger population used to measure public opinion

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20
Q

Random Selection

A

A method of choosing all poll respondents in a way that does not over or under represent any group of the population

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21
Q

Representative sample

A

A sample that reflexes the demographics of the population

22
Q

Weighting

A

A procedure in which the survey is adjusted according to the demographics of the larger population

23
Q

Sampling error

A

The margin of error in a poll, which usually is calculated to plus or minus three percentage points

24
Q

Mass survey

A

A survey designed to measure the opinions of the population usually consisting of 1,500 responses

25
Q

Enterance survey

A

A poll conducted of people coming to an event

26
Q

Exit poll

A

A survey conducted outside a polling place in which individuals are asked who or what they just cited for and why

27
Q

Benchmark poll

A

A survey taken at the beginning of a political campaign in order to gauge support for a candidate and determine which issues are important to voters

28
Q

Tracking poll

A

A survey determine the level of support for a candidate or an issue throughout a campaign

29
Q

Random Digit Dialing

A

The use of telephone numbers randomly generated by computer to select potential survey respondents

30
Q

Question order

A

The sequencing of questions in public opinion polls

31
Q

Question wording

A

The phrasing of a question in a public opinion poll

32
Q

Political Ideology

A

A set of beliefs about the desired goals and outcomes of a process of governance

33
Q

Right

A

Something guaranteed, that the government cannot take away

34
Q

Privilege

A

Something a person may obtain or receive, but that the government can take away

35
Q

Party ideology

A

A party’s philosophy about the proper role of government and its set of positions on major issues

36
Q

Party Identification

A

An individual’s attachment to a political party

37
Q

Conservatism

A

An ideology favoring more control of social behavior, fewer regulations on businesses, and less government interference in the economy

38
Q

Liberalism

A

An ideology favoring less government control over social behavior and more greater regulation of businesses and of the economy

39
Q

Libertarianism

A

An ideology favoring very little government regulation and intervention behind protecting private property and individual Liberty

40
Q

Command-and-control economy

A

Economic policy in which government dictates much of a nations economic activity, including the amount of production and price of goods

41
Q

Mixed economy

A

Economic policy in which many economic decisions are left to individuals and businesses, with the government regulating economic activity

42
Q

GDP
(Gross domestic product)

A

The total value of goods and services produced by an economy

43
Q

Economic recession

A

A period of decline in economic activity, typically defined by two consecutive quarters of negative GDP growth

44
Q

Unemployment rate

A

The percentage of people actively looking for work who cannot find jobs

45
Q

Inflation

A

The rise in the prices of goods and services

46
Q

CPI
(Consumer price index)

A

The cost of a fixed basket of goods and services over time, used to measure the cost of living

47
Q

Fiscal policy

A

Government use of taxes and spending to attempt to lower unemployment, support economic growth, and stabilize the economy

48
Q

Federal Reserve system

A

A board of governors, federal reserve banks, and member banks responsible monetary policy

49
Q

Monetary policy

A

A set of economic policy tools designed to regulate the amount of money in the economy

50
Q

Medicare

A

The federal program that provides health insurance to seniors and the disabled

51
Q

Medicaid

A

A federal program that provides health care for the poor

AP Government (8 decks)

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