VOCAB QUIZ TERMS UNIT 2 1/27 Flashcards
What is hindsight bias?
The tendency to believe, after learning an outcome that one would have foreseen it
Define positive correlation
rises and lowers together
Define hypothesis
a testable predication often implied by a theory
Define negative correlation
Two sets of scores relate inversely, one goes up, other goes down
What is an independent variable?
The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied.
Define naturalistic observation
Observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation.
What is a dependent variable?
The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable
What is a case study?
A descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in hope of revealing universal principles
Define median
the middle score in a distribution; half the scores are above it and half are below it
Define mode
the most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution
Define mean
the arithmetic average of a distribution, obtained by adding the scores and then dividing by the number of scores
Define validity
The extent to which a test or experiment measures or predicts what it is supposed to do
What is reliability?
The extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, or on retesting
What is a double-blind procedure?
An experimental procedure in which both the research participants and the research staff are ignorant (blind) about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo. Commonly used in drug-evaluation studies.
Define correlation coefficient
Correlation coefficient is a statistical index of the relationship between two variables (from -1.0 to +1.0)
