VOCAB QUIZ TERMS TOPIC 10

Question 1

alfred adler

Answer 1

personality theorist believing that humans have urge to community

Question 2

karen horney

Answer 2

social tensions create personality

Question 3

carl jung

Answer 3

psychiatrist believed collective unconscious

Question 4

albert bandura

Answer 4

observational learning bobo doll

Question 5

gordon allport

Answer 5

describe personality in terms of fundamental traits

Question 6

abraham maslow

Answer 6

hierarchy of needs

Question 7

hans eyseneck

Answer 7

believed that we can reduce many of our normal individual variations to two or three dimensions, including extraversion–introversion and emotional stability–instability

Question 8

ego

Answer 8

realistically bring pleasure rather than pain.

Question 9

id

Answer 9

strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives. The id operates on the pleasure principle, demanding immediate gratification.

Question 10

superego

Answer 10

represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment (the conscience) and for future aspirations.

Question 11

validity

Answer 11

extent to which a test
or experiment measures or predicts
what it is supposed to.

Question 12

self-concept

Answer 12

all our thoughts and feelings about ourselves, in answer to the question, “Who am I?”

Question 13

self-efficacy

Answer 13

one’s sense of competence and effectiveness.

Question 14

reliability

Answer 14

extent to which a test yields consistent results,

Question 15

heritability

Answer 15

proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes.

Question 16

unconscious

Answer 16

not conscious

Question 17

archetypes

Answer 17

represent universal patterns and images that are part of the collective unconscious.

Question 18

defense mechanism

Answer 18

ego’s protective methods of reducing anxiety by
unconsciously distorting reality.

Question 19

reciprocal determinism

Answer 19

the interacting influences of behavior, internal cognition, and environment.

Question 20

psychosexual stage theory

Answer 20

childhood stages of development (oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital) during which, according to Freud, the id’s pleasure-seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones.

Question 21

trait theory

Answer 21

people differ from one another based on the strength and intensity of basic trait dimensions. consistency, (2) stability, and (3) individual differences

Question 22

oedipus complex

Answer 22

a boy’s sexual
desires toward his mother and
feelings of jealousy and hatred for
the rival father.

Question 23

unconditional positive regard

Answer 23

an attitude of total acceptance toward another person.

Question 24

projective tests

Answer 24

provides ambiguous stimuli designed to trigger projection of one’s inner dynamics.

Question 25

collective unconscious

Answer 25

inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species’ history.