vocab lesson 1 Flashcards
Anatomy
the study of the structures of the body
Physiology
the study of the function of the body
Body Cavity
Hollow area of the body containing organs.
regional term
describing a specific part of the body
positional term
a specific location of a body structure
What is in the axial portion ?
Head , neck and trunk
What is in the appendicular portion ?
Arms and Legs
What is the anatomical position ?
It is when the body is facing forward with the palms of the hands facing forward.
What are the two large cavities ?
ventral cavity and dorsal cavity
For the ventral cavity how is it subdivided by ?
thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
Where is the thoracic portion located ?
In the chest area
Where is the abdominopelvic located ?
In the stomach area
What are the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities separated by ?
the Diaphragm
How can the dorsal cavity be subdivide into 2 parts
cranial cavity and Spinal canal
Cranial cavity
located in the head ( it contains the brain)
Spinal canal
Runs down the back ( Contains the spinal cord )
What are the 4 other cavities in the body
Oral , nasal , orbital and middle ear
coronal plane
- Divides the body or anybody structure , vertically into front and back sections.
Sagittal Plane
plane running down the middle of the body and dividing the body into right and left sections.
Transverse plane -
plane dividing the body into superior and inferior sections
Transpyloric plane -
the superior transverse plane
Transtubercular plane
the inferior transverse plane
Epigastric -
term that means above the stomach.
Hypochondriac
to identify structures superior and lateral to the stomach
Lumbar
Term meaning the region of the low back
Umbilicus
the naval which indicates the center of the abdomen
Lilac
term meaning the lower lateral abdominal regions
Inguinal
Term indicating the lower lateral abdomen
hypogastric
term meaning below the stomach
What is the level of complexity ?
an atom
What is the highest level of complexity ?
Organism ( the human body)
List the lowest to highest complexity : list all 6
Atom , Molecule , Cell , Organ , Organ system , Organism (Human body)
Anatomical Planes
A plane is a 2 dimensional object that can divide the body into 2 sections
What are the 2 sections do anatomical planes can be divided ?
Sagittal and coronal planes
Homeostasis
The ability of system to maintain a steady state
Negative feedback
system in which the stimulus respondens in the opposite
Positive feedback
System in which the stimulus and response are the same
If an ice cream melts in the heat is that a positive or negative feedback?
negative feedback ( because change has occurred)
What are the functions of the Integumentary system ? : list 5
Protects the body
secretion of waste products
production of Vitamin D
Regulation of the body temperature
Supports sensory receptors
If an ice cream were to sit in the cold and doesn’t melt or change is that positive or negative feedback?
positive( no change has occurred)
Integumentary system
it protects the body , hair , skin , nail ,sweat glands and sebaceous glands.
Skeletal system- : list 3
consists of the bones , ligaments and cartilage.
What are the functions of the skeltal system.
Protects supports and produces red blood cells . It can also store chemical salts .
Muscular system functions:
List 3 :
Produces movement
helps to maintain posture
produces heat
Nervous system Functions:
Receives sensory information
detects change
stimulates muscles and glands
Endocrine system :
Feedback systems help maintain homeostasis
Lymphatic system function :: list 3
returns fluid to blood
transports absorbed food molecules
defend against infection
Immune system
Cells and antibodies that help the body to fight off pathogens( some of the immune system organs are thymus and spleen)
Blood
transports oxygen and carbon dioxide a long with water electrolytes , hormones , carbohydrates, fats and proteins also wate
Cardiovascular system function :
Transports blood
Respiratory system function :
supplies the body with oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide.
Digestive system function : list 3
Receives , breakdown and absorbs food also eliminates waste
Urinary System function : list 3
Removes waste
maintains water and electrolytes balance
Stores and transports urine
Reproduction system function : list 2
Passes genetic information down to future generations
Produces hormones that help the body to mature
