Vocab Chapter 3 Flashcards
Any item, made by humans, that represents a material aspect of culture.
Artifact
The man made surroundings that provide the setting for human activity, ranging in scale from personal shelter to neighborhoods to the large scale civic surroundings
Built environment
The place where concentration of culture traits that characterizes a region is greatest
Core domain spear model
The contact and interaction of one culture to another
Cultural convergence
The concept that people of different culture will definitely observe and interpret their environment and make different decisions about its nature, potentiality and use
Cultural/environmental perception
Modifications to the environment by humans, including the built environment and agricultural systems, that reflect aspects of their culture
Cultural landscape
The entire region throughout which a culture prevails. Criteria that may be chosen to define culture realms include religion, language, diet, customs, or economic development
Cultural realm
Locations on earth’s surface where specific culture is first arose
Cultural hearth
The group of traits that define a particular culture
Cultural complex
The specific customs that are part of the every day life of a particular culture, such as language, religion, ethnicity, social institutions, and aspects of popular culture
Cultural trait
A region defined by similar culture traits and cultural landscape features
Cultural region
Practices followed by the people of a particular cultural group
Customs
A doctrine that claims that cultural traits are formed and controlled by environmental conditions
Environmental determinism
Culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups
Folk culture
Reason certain culture/region eat certain types of food
Food attraction
A repetitive act there a particular individual performs
Habit
The physical manifestations of human activities; includes tools, campsites, art, and structures. The most durable aspects of culture.
Material culture
The central enduring elements of a culture expressing its values and believes, including language religion folklore and etc.
Mentifact
Dynamic culture based in large, heterogeneous society’s permitting considerable individualism,innovation, and change; having a money based economy, division of labor into professions, secular institutions of control, and weak interpersonal ties;and producing and consuming machine made goods.
Popular culture
The theory that the physical may set limits on human actions, but the people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives
Possiblism
The institutions and links between individuals and groups that unite a culture, including family structure and political, education and religious institutions
Socio fact
A restriction on a behavior imposed by social custom
Taboo
The spatial expression of a popular custom and one location that will be similar to another
Uniform landscape
The spread of an innovation or idea through a population in an area
Expansion diffusion
The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another
Relocation diffusion
A group of people in a particular place that see themselves as a collective or a community, with shared experiences, customs, and trains;working together to preserve those trains in order to claim uniqueness and to distinguish themselves from others.
Local culture
Beliefs, practices, aesthetics, and values of a group of people
Nonmaterial culture
Process through which people lose originally differentiating traits (dress, speech particularities, mannerisms, etc.)when they come into contact with another society or culture; often described immigrants adaptation to new places of residence
Assimilation
Process by which outside cultures adopt customs and knowledge of another culture and use them for their own benefit
Cultural appropriation
The seeking out of the regional culture and reinvigoration of it in response to the uncertainty of the modern world
Neolocism
Neighborhood, typically situated in a large metropolitan city and constructed by or comprised of a local culture, in which a local culture can practice it’s customs
Ethnic neighborhoods
Process through which something (A good, and idea, even a person)that previously was not regarded as an object to be bought or sold, becomes an object that can be bought, sold, and traded in the world market
Commodification
In the context of local cultures or customs, the accuracy with which a single stereo typical or typecast image or experience conveys an otherwise dynamic and complex local culture or it’s customs
Authenticity
The loss of uniqueness of a place in the cultural landscape so that one place looks like the next
Placelessness
- Ideas, beliefs, and values that people hold
- abstract and mental
- example is religion
Mentifact
– Material manifestations of culture
- which are made, created, or produced by people
- example is technology for basic needs
Artifact
– The way where people organize their society and relate to one another
- aspects of culture relating to links between individuals and groups
- example is family structure and political system
Socio fact
