Chapter 5 Vocabulary

Question 1

A language systematically used to make communication possible between people not sharing in mother tongue, in particular when it is a third language, distinct from both mother tongues.

Answer 1

Lingua Franca

Question 2

A language that is written as well as spoken

Answer 2

Literary tradition

Question 3

Countries with only one official language

Answer 3

Monolingual states

Question 4

Countries in which more than one language is spoken

Answer 4

Multilingual states

Question 5

The ability of two people to understand each other when speaking

Answer 5

Mutual intelligibility

Question 6

I language that is given a special legal status in a particular country, state, or other jurisdiction

Answer 6

Official language

Question 7

A form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages

Answer 7

Pidgin language

Question 8

A specific point on earth distinguished by a particular character

Answer 8

Place

Question 9

Linguistic hypothesis proposing the existence of an ancestral Indo-European language that is the hearth of ancient Latin, Greek and Sanskirt languages, Which hearth would link modern languages from Scandinavia to north Africa from North America through parts of Asia to Australia

Answer 9

Proto – Indo – European

Question 10

Theory developed by a British scholar where in he proposed that three area in and near the first agricultural hearth, the fertile crescent, gave rise to three language families

Answer 10

Renfew hypothesis

Question 11

The group of languages derived from Latin (French, Spanish, Italian, Romanian, Portuguese)

Answer 11

Romance languages

Question 12

(Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Ukrainian, Slovenian, Serbo-Croatian, Bulgarian)developed as Slavic people migrated from a base in present day Ukraine around 2000 years ago

Answer 12

Slavic languages

Question 13

A gradual alteration of series of alterations in the pronunciation of a set of sounds, especially of vowels

Answer 13

Sound shift

Question 14

A combination of Spanish and English

Answer 14

Spanglish

Question 15

The variant of a language that a country’s political and intellectual elite seek to promote as the norm for use in schools, government, and is recognized by other states

Answer 15

Standard language

Question 16

The name given to a portion of earths surface

Answer 16

Toponym

Question 17

The Latin learned by people in provinces taken over by the Roman empire; it wasn’t to the standard literary form but a spoken form of Latin

Answer 17

Vulgar Latin

Question 18

The technique used to track language back to its origin through comparing it to similar languages

Answer 18

Backwards reconstruction

Question 19

The dialect of England associated with upper-class British people living in the London area, and now considered the standard dialect in the UK

Answer 19

British the revised pronunciation

Question 20

Theory of the diffusion of the Proto-Indo- European language into Europe through the speakers over powering up earlier in habitants through warfare and technology

Answer 20

Conquest theory

Question 21

A language that results from the mixing of the colonizers language with the indigenous language of the people being dominated

Answer 21

Creole language

Question 22

The behaviors and believes characteristic of a particular social, economic, or age group

Answer 22

Culture

Question 23

Technique using the vocabulary of an extinct language to re-create the language that preceded the extinct language

Answer 23

Deep reconstruction

Question 24

A particular form of language that is peculiar to a specific region, or social group

Answer 24

Dialect

Question 25

A set of contagious dialects in which the dialects nearest to each other at any place in the chain are most closely related

Answer 25

Dialect chains

Question 26

Theory which holds that the Indo-European languages that arose from Porto-Indo – European war first carried east word into Southwest Asia, next around with the Caspian Sea and then across the Russian– Ukrainian planes and on into the Balkans

Answer 26

Dispersal hypothesis

Question 27

Dialect spoken by some African-Americans

Answer 27

Ebonics

Question 28

A language that is no longer spoken or read in daily activities by anyone in the world

Answer 28

Extinct language

Question 29

A term used by the French for English words that have entered the French language; a combination of Francias and anglais, The French words for French and English, respectively

Answer 29

Franglais

Question 30

Languages (English, German, danish, Norwegian, and Swedish) that reflect the expansion of peoples out of northern Europe to the west and south

Answer 30

Germanic languages

Question 31

Language spoken internationally, which is learned by many people as a second language.

Answer 31

Global language

Question 32

The system of writing used in China and other East Asian countries in which each symbol represents an idea or a concept rather than a specific sound, as is the case with letter in English

Answer 32

Ideograms

Question 33

A boundary that separates regions in which different language usages predominate

Answer 33

Isogloss

Question 34

A system of communication, through the usage of speech, and collection of sounds understood by a group of people to have the same meaning

Answer 34

Language

Question 35

When a language branches off from its origin and makes a new one

Answer 35

Language branch

Question 36

When a language breaks into dialects due to a lack of spatial interaction among speakers of a language, and continued isolation causes new languages to be formed

Answer 36

Language divergence

Question 37

Collection of languages related through a common ancestor long before recorded history

Answer 37

Language family

Question 38

A group of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relativity recent past and display relativity few differences in grammar and vocabulary

Answer 38

Language group