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AP HUG > Vocab Chapter 2 & 3 > Flashcards

Vocab Chapter 2 & 3 Flashcards

0
Q

Carrying Capacity

A

The largest number of people that the environment of a particular area can support

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1
Q

Age Distribution

A

The distribution of age in a population

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2
Q

Cohort

A

A population group that is distinguished by a certain characteristic

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3
Q

Demographic Equation

A

An equation that summarizes the amount of growth or decline in a population during a certain period of time, also taking into account net migration and natural increase

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4
Q

Demographic momentum

A

The tendency for growing population to continue growing after a fertility decline because of their young age distribution

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5
Q

Demographic Regions

A

Shows how different parts of the world are in different stages of the demographic transition

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6
Q

Demographic Transition model

A

Has 5 steps. Stage 1 is Low Growth; Stage 2 is High Growth; Stage 3 is Moderate Growth; Stage 4 is Low Growth/Stationary; and Stage 5 (a prediction) is a Negative Growth

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7
Q

Dependency ratio

A

The number of people who are too young or too old to work compared to the number of people in their productive years

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8
Q

Diffusion of fertility control

A

The spread of fertility control throughout the world

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9
Q

Disease Diffusion

A

There are two types, contagious and hierarchical. Hierarchical is along high density areas that spread from urban to rural areas. Contagious is spread through the density of people.

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10
Q

Doubling Time

A

The number of years need to double a population, assuminf a constant rate of natural increase

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11
Q

Ecumene

A

The proportion of earths surface occupied by permanent human settlement

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12
Q

Epidemiological Transition model

A

A cause of death in each stage of the demographic transition. It can explain how a country changes in a demographic transition

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13
Q

Gendered Space

A

Knowledge about using space from a male to a female angle, to determine how females may be restricted in use of public and private spaces compared to males.

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14
Q

Infant mortality rate

A

The annual number of deaths of infants under one year of age, compared with total live births. Expressed as a number of deaths among infants per 1000 births.

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15
Q

Maladaptation

A

An adaptation that has become less helpful than harmful

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16
Q

Thomas Malthus

A

One of the first to argue that the worlds rate of population increase was far outrunning the development of food population

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17
Q

Mortality

A

2 Types: Infant mortality rate and life expectancy. The IMR reflects a country’s health care system and life expectancy measures the average number of years a baby can expect to live

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18
Q

Neo-Malthusian

A

Neo-Malthusian Theory that builds upon Malthus; thoughts on overpopulation. Takes into count two factors: population growth in LDCs, and outstripping the resources other than food

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19
Q

Overpopulation

A

When the number of people in an area is more than the area can support

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20
Q

Population densities

A

The frequency with which something occurs in space. Physiological Density and Arithmetic Density

21
Q

Population distributions

A

The arrangement of a feature in space. Used to describe how things and people are distributed across the Earth

22
Q

Population explosion

A

A sudden increase or burst in the population in a certain geographical region

23
Q

Population projection

A

Predicts the future population of an area

24
Q

Population pyramid

A

Population displayed by age and gender on a bar graph

25
Q

Rate of natural increase

A

The percentage by which a population grows in a year

26
Q

Standard of Living

A

Refers to the quality and quantity of goods and services available to people and the way they are distributed within a population

27
Q

Sustainability

A

Relates to development that meets today’s needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

28
Q

Underpopulation

A

Refers to a sharp drop or decrease in a region’s population

29
Q

Zero Population Growth

A

When the Crude Birth Rate equals the Crude Death Rate and the natural increase rate approaches zero

30
Q

Activity space

A

The space used for a certain industry or activity

31
Q

Chain Migration

A

Migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there

32
Q

Cyclic movement

A

Seasonal and nomadism. Leave a place, but return

33
Q

Distance Decay

A

The diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin

34
Q

Forced Migration

A

Permanent movement compelled usually by cultural factors

35
Q

Gravity model

A

A model that states that the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location and inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach the service

36
Q

Internal migration

A

Permanent movement within a particular country

37
Q

Intervening opportunity

A

An environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that helps migration

38
Q

Intercontinental Migration Patterns

A

Permanent movement from one country to a different country on the same continent

39
Q

Interregional Migration pattern

A

Permanent movement from one region of the country to another

40
Q

Rural-urban Migration pattern

A

Permanent movement from suburbs and rural areas to the urban city area

41
Q

Migratory movement

A

Describes human movement from a source to a destination without a return journey

42
Q

Periodic movement

A

Seasonal migration of live stock between mountains and lowland pastures

43
Q

Personal space

A

Personal bubble

44
Q

Place utility

A

The desirability of a place based on its social, economic, and environmental situation. Often used to compare the value of living in different locations

45
Q

Push-pull factors

A

Factors that convince people to leave old residence and move to new locations

46
Q

Refugee

A

People forced to migrate from their home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion

47
Q

Space-time prism

A

The set of all points that can reached by an individual given a maximum possible speed from a starting point in space time and an ending point in the space time

48
Q

Step Migration

A

A series of small, less extreme location changes are steps

49
Q

Transhumance

A

The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures

50
Q

Transmigration

A

the relocation of people away from overpopulated core regions to less crowded areas

AP HUG (7 decks)

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