Vocab 4 Flashcards
1
Q
HEMI- (ἡμι-)
A
‘half’
- HEMI-SPHERE, a half of a sphere;
HEMI-BRANCH, a gill having
filaments on one side only, a halfgill; - HEMI-NEPHR-ectomy, removal of
part of a kidney; - HEMI-an-OP-ia or HEMI-an-OP-sia,
blindness over half the field of
vision; - HEMI-ALG-ia, pain affecting one
half of the body.
2
Q
MON- (μόνος)
A
‘single’, ‘one’
- MON-ARCH;
- MONO-GRAPH, a detailed written
study of a single specialized subject
or an aspect of it; - MONO-CARP-ic, a plant flowering
only once and then dying; - MONO-TRICH-ous, having only
one flagellum at one pole (opp.
amphi-TRICH-ous)
3
Q
PROT- (πρῶτος)
A
‘first’, ‘original’, ‘primitive’
- PROTO-CEPHAL-on, first of six
segments composing an insect’s
head; - PROTO-PHYTE, any plant of the
lowest and most primitive type; - PROTO-ZO-an, a unicellular or
noncellular animal organism
4
Q
DI- (δι-)
A
‘twice’, ‘double’
- DI-LEM-ma, a situation in which a
difficult choice has to be made
between two or more alternatives; - DI-PLO-ma (‘folded paper’);
- DI-ARTHR-osis, a freely movable
articulation; - DI-oecious, having sexes separate,
usually refers to plants which have
male and female flowers on different
individuals - NOTE: not to be confused with prefix dia-
‘through’ of List 1 or the Latin prefix dis-
/di- ‘apart’ of List 6.
5
Q
DICH- (δίχα)
A
‘in two’
- DICHO-tomy, a division or contrast
between two things (in botany,
repeated branching into two equal
parts); - DICH-OP-tic, having the borders of
the compound eyes separate, or
having the eyes wide apart (of an
insect)
6
Q
DEUT-, DEUTER- (δεύτερος)
A
‘second’
- DEUTER-AGON-ist, the person
second in importance to the
protagonist in a drama; - DEUTERO-nomy (‘second law’);
DEUTERO-GENE-sis, second phase
of embryonic development
7
Q
TRI- (τρεῖς)
A
‘three’
- TRI-POD;
- TRI-CYCLE;
- TRI-CHROMAT-ic, able to perceive
the three primary colours; - TRI-DACTYL, having three digits;
- TRI-COCC-us, a three-carpel fruit
8
Q
TETR(A)- (τετράς)
A
‘four’
- TETRA-meter;
- TETRA-CHEIR-ous, having four
hands; - TETRA-CYCL-ic, with four whorls
9
Q
PENT(A)- (πέντε)
A
‘five’
- PENTA-GON;
- PENTA-meter;
- PENTA-DACTYL, having all four
limbs normally terminating in five
digits
10
Q
HEXA- (ἕξ)
A
‘six’
- HEXA-GON-al;
- HEXA-meter;
- HEXA-GYN-ous, having six pistils;
- HEXA-hedron, a POLY-hedron
having six faces; - HEX-ose, any monosaccharide
containing six carbon atoms
11
Q
HEPT(A)- (ἑπτά)
A
‘seven’
- HEPTA-GYN-ous, having seven
pistils; - HEPTA-HYDR-ate, a compound
with seven molecules of water
12
Q
OCT(A)- (ὀκτώ)
A
‘eight’
- OCTO-PUS;
- OCT-ODONT, having eight teeth;
- OCT-OPTHALM-us, having eight
eyes
13
Q
ENNE(A)- (ἐννέα)
A
‘nine’
- ENNE-ad, a group of nine;
- ENNEA-GON, a nine-sided
polyhedron; - ENNE-ANDR-ous, having nine
stamens
14
Q
DEC(A)- (δέκα)
A
‘ten’
- DECA-LOGUE, the Ten
Commandments; - DECA-HYDR-ate, compound with
ten molecules of water; - DECA-hedron, a ten-sided
polyhedron; - DECA-POD, having ten legs
15
Q
HECT- (ἑκατόν)
A
‘hundred’
- HECT-ARE, one hundred acres
(10,000 square metres); - HECTO-GRAM, one hundred grams
16
Q
KILO- (χίλιοι)
A
‘one thousand’
- KILO-CALOR-ie, one thousand
calories (equal to one large calorie); - KILO-GRAM, one thousand grams
17
Q
ALL- (ἄλλος)
A
‘other’, ‘different’
- ALLE-GOR-y, a story, poem, or
picture which can be interpreted to
reveal a hidden meaning, typically a
moral or political one; - ALLO-plasty, a plastic operation in
which material outside the human
body is used; - ALLO-PATR-ic, animals or plans
occurring in separate nonoverlapping geographical areas
18
Q
ANKYL- (ἀγκύλος)
A
‘bent’, ‘stiff’, ‘adhesion of parts’
- ANKYLO-CHEIL-ia, adhesion of
the lips; - ANKYL-osis, abnormal stiffening
and immobility of a joint due to
fusion of the bones; - ANKYLO-SAUR, a heavily built
dinosaur
19
Q
BRACHY- (βραχύς)
A
‘short’
- BRACHY-ODONT or BRACHYDONT, a molar tooth with a low
crown; - BRACHY-PODUS;
- BRACHY-logy, concise or shortened
expression
NOTE: Not to be confused with the similar
BRACHI- ‘arm of List 3
20
Q
CAC-, (KAK-) (κακός)
A
‘bad’
- CACO-PHON-y;
- CAC-AESTHE-sia, any morbid
sensation; - CAC-OSM-ia, imaginary odours,
particularly putrefactive odours
21
Q
CAU-, CAUS- (καίω; καῦμα)
A
‘to burn’
- CAUS-tic;
- en-CAUS-tic;
- CAUM-AESTHE-sia, experience of
a sense of heat when temperature is
not high; - CRYO-CAUT-ery, the destruction of
tissues by application of extreme
cold; - CAUT-er-ize to apply an agent
capable of burning or destroying
tissue
22
Q
CLI-, CLEI-; CLEIST- (κλείω; κειστός)
A
‘to close’; ‘closed’
- CLEISTO-GAM-y, state of having
small, inconspicuous, self-fertilizing
flowers; fertilization without opening
of florets; - CORE-CLI-sis, pathologic closure or
obliteration of the pupil
23
Q
CLY(S)- (κλύζω)
A
‘to wash’
- cata-CLYSM;
- ENTERO-CLY-sis, injection of a
fluid preparation into the rectum;
hypo- - DERMO-CLY-sis, introduction of
large quantities of fluids into
subcutaneous tissues
24
Q
CROT- (κρότος)
A
‘pulse beat’
- TRI-CROT-ism, the condition of
having three waves corresponding to
one pulse beat
25
Q
CYCL- (κύκλος)
A
‘circle’, ‘wheel’
- BI-CYCLE;
- en-CYCLO-PED-ia;
- a-CYCL-ia, state of arrested
circulation of bodily fluids; - CYCLO-COEL-ic, with intestines
coiled in one or more distinct spirals
26
Q
CYN- (κύων, κυνός)
A
‘dog’
- CYN-ic;
- CYNO-CEPHAL-ous, with the head
shaped like a dog’s; - CYNO-POD-ous, with non-retractile
claws
27
Q
DOLICH- (δολιχός)
A
‘long’
- DOLICHO-PLATY-CEPHAL-us, a
person having a long skull which is
unusually broad; - DOLICHO-RRHINE, having a long
nose
28
Q
ER-, EROT- (ἔρως, ἔρωτος)
A
‘love’, ‘sexual love’
- AUTO-EROT-ic, relating to sexual
excitement generated by stimulating
or fantasizing about one’s own body; - ALLO-EROT-ism, sexual
excitement induced by and directed
toward another
29
Q
GENY-; GENI- (γένυς; γένειον)
A
‘jaw’, ‘cheek’; ‘chin’
- GENY-plasty, surgical
reconstruction of the jaw; - GENIO-GLOSS-us, muscle of the
tongue arising from the mandible
30
Q
GLAUC- (γλαυκός)
A
silvery’, ‘grey-green’
- a-GLAUC-OP-sia, green-blindness
31
Q
GON(Y)-, GONAT- (γόνυ, γόνατος)
A
‘knee’
- GON-ALG-ia, pain in the knee joint;
- GON-ARTHR-itis, inflammation of
the knee joing; - GONATO-CELE, knee tumour
NOTE: not to be confused with root GON(I)- ‘angle’
of List 5
32
Q
HAPL- (ἁπλόος)
A
‘single’, ‘simple’
- HAPLO-id, have the number of
chromosomes characteristic of
mature germ cells for the organism
in question; - HAPL-OP-ia, single vision, as
opposed to DIPL-OP-ia
33
Q
(H)APT-; (H)APH-; APS- (ἅπτω –⟩ ἅψω,
ἑάφθη)
A
‘to touch’; ‘sense of touch’
- HAPH-ALGE-sia, a sensation of
pain experience on the mere
touching of an object; - HAPT-ics, the branch of psychology
dealing with the tactile sense; - syn-APSE, the region of connection
between two neurons
34
Q
HOL- (ὅλος)
A
‘whole’, ‘entire’
- CAT-HOL-ic (in respect of the
whole); - HOLO-CAUST (burning of the
whole); - HOLO-GASTRO-SCHIS-is, fissure
involving the whole length of the
abdomen
35
Q
HOM-, HOME- (ὁμός)
A
‘same’, ‘similar’
- HOMO-CHROM-ous, of one colour;
- HOMO-PHONE, pronounced alike
but different in meaning or
derivation or spelling; - HOMO-PTER-ous, having wings
alike
36
Q
HYPN- (ὕπνος)
A
‘sleep’
- HYPN-AGOG-ic, inducing sleep,
pertaining to inception of sleep,
applies to visions seen just before
complete sleep
37
Q
IDE- (ἰδέα)
A
‘idea’, ‘mental image’
- MONO-IDE-ism, absorption in a
single idea, as in mental depression,
hypnosis or trance; - IDEO-phobia, morbid fear of ideas
