vocab Flashcards
chromosome
structure found in cell nuclei, containing a large strand of DNA
gene
define
a section of DNA within a chromosome that codes for a specific protein
allele
different variations of a gene
recessive
define
the allele of a gene that will only effect the phenotype if the other is also recessive, it will have no impact if the other is dominate
homozygous
both alleles of a gene are the same
heterozygous
define
both alleles of a gene are different
genotype
define
alleles for a certain characteristic that is found in a organism
phenotype
physical appearance of a organism
zygote
define
a fertilized egg cell, this will contain 46 chromosomes
gamete
haploid sex cell produced by meiosis
dominate
define
an allele that will always effect the phenotype as opposed to a recessive that will not if there is a dominate allele present
what are causes of variation that influence phenotype ( environmental and genetic)
.mutations in DNA can result in different characteristics
.sexual reproduction
.acquired characteristics due to environment such as weight, skin tone,
osmosis
the net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a higher water concentration to a lower concentration
diffusion
define
the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration
active transport
define
movement of particles across a membrane against a concentration gradient using energy transferred during respiration
