paper 2 wrong answers

Question 1

why do potatoes need glucose

Answer 1

for energy/respiration

Question 1

how is starch broken down

Answer 1

amylase enzyme forms enzyme substrate complex where the starch fits the active site shape and is broken into glucose

Question 2

how to test for proteins

Answer 2

buiret test, adding sodium hydroxide and copper sulfate turns from blue to purple

Question 3

why is the cattle biomass area smaller than the area labelled plants

Answer 3

-less energy in the cattle than the plants
-not all energy from the plants is passed on to the cattle

Question 4

why would an increase in meat consumption decrease food security

Answer 4

-less food for people to eat
-farming meat does not produce as much food per acre arable farming
-takes up space where crops could be grown

Question 5

how to test for glucose presence

Answer 5

benedict’s test
add solution and heat
turns from green to red

Question 6

what is the equation for stroke volume

Answer 6

output/heart rate

Question 7

how do valves help blood flow towards the heart

Answer 7

valves close
preventing blood flowing backwards
ensuring it flows in the correct direction to the heart

Question 8

how is the heart adapted for function (3 points explained)

Answer 8

-septum-stops de-oxygenated blood mixing with oxygenated

-atria-pump blood to the ventricles and ventricles push blood out the heart
-both have valves to prevent blood flowing backwards

-the left side has thicker/stronger muscle as it pushes blood at high pressures further around the body

Question 9

how are human circulatory systems more efficient than frogs

Answer 9

• frogs have no walls separating the different bloods

-humans have four chambers, frogs only have three

-frogs have some sections of mixed blood

Question 10

describe method to observe how much artery tissue can stretch until it can no longer return to its original size

Answer 10

-measure tissue
-add masses and measure
-repeat until it does not go back to original size

Question 11

what are 3 visible features of red blood cells

Answer 11

-bi-concaved shape
-round
-smooth

Question 12

explain one disadvantage of fertility hormone treatment

Answer 12

treatment can lead to multiple eggs maturing and being fertilized

this may lead to complications during pregnancy resulting in still births

Question 13

why do progesterone levels change following day 14

Answer 13

follicle breaks open corpus leuteum is produced that secretes progesterone

increased levels to maintain the lining of the uterus during ovulation

Question 14

how do high amino acid levels cause high concentration of urea in urine

Answer 14

-liver breaks down amino acids into urea
-urea is carried in the blood to the kidneys
-they enter the nephron
-during ultra-filtration some useful substances are re-absorbed, urea is not
-moves out the nephron through collecting duct and stored in the bladder where urine has a high concentration of urea

Question 15

adaptations of grass in hot dry climates (5)

Answer 15

-thick waxy cuticle to reduce water loss via transpiration
-stomata in pits/lower side of the leaf to reduces water evaporating out of the leaf
-small surface area in a thin blade shape to decrease amount of water lost
-hairs trap air to increase carbon dioxide intake
-curved shape

Question 16

adaptations of cactuses to withstand the weather conditions

Answer 16

-plants have thorns this prevents animals from eating it

-large surface area to store water in

-thick waxy cuticle to decrease water lost through evaporation

-moist air trapped in cool leaves

-fleshy stem collects and stores water

Question 17

explain function between spongy mesophyll

Answer 17

gaps between allow for gas exchange and movement between structures
so carbon dioxide and water and enter and exit cells

Question 18

what do stomata do

Answer 18

allow gas exchange and water vapour to exit

Question 19

role of the waxy cuticle

Answer 19

surrounds the leaf means less water loss from the leaf

Question 20

what is the benefit of a plant being day neutral

Answer 20

can flower year round

Question 21

why does reducing water help preserve

Answer 21

kills/decreases amount of microorganisms that require water to survive

this reduces the decay process

Question 22

another way to measure light intensity that isnt calculating

Answer 22

using a light meter

Question 23

advantages of gravitropism

Answer 23

anchors the plant
allows access to water and mineral ions

Question 24

what do auxins do in shoots

Answer 24

increase cell elongation

Question 25

how do changes to the guard cells on the warm day help the plant to survive

Answer 25

guard cells change shape and close stomata to reduce water loss through transpiration

Question 26

advantages and disadvantages of using biofuels

Answer 26

-sustainable
-takes up carbon dioxide when grown

-reduces food production
-takes up land and reduces biodiversity

Question 27

what is the impact of energy loss on the food chain

Answer 27

limits the length of the food chain

Question 28

what happens to food eaten that is not converted into the body mass of the caterpillar

Answer 28

-some is egested
-some is used in respiration when the caterpillar moves
-some is used in homeostasis

Question 29

why are mites parasites

Answer 29

-live in/on host
-feed of the host

Question 30

how can scientists use a belt transect to investigate how light intensity affect the growth of stinging nettles

Answer 30

place quadrat along tape measure
measure along the transect
measure light intensity at different distances
measure the growth of the stinging nettles at these different distances