VOC U4 Definitions - WORD - DEF

Question 1

Flood (the villagers had been cut off by floods and landslides (a flood barrier).)

Answer 1

an overflow of a large amount of water beyond its normal limits, especially over what is normally dry land.

Question 2

Pesticides

Answer 2

a substance used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or to animals.

Question 3

supply chain

Answer 3

a complex logistics system that consists of facilities that convert raw materials into finished products and distribute them to end consumers or end customers.

Question 4

Carbon emission (To talk about carbon emissions is simply to talk of greenhouse gas emissions, the main contributors to climate change.)

Answer 4

the release of carbon compounds (such as carbon dioxide C02 and methane CH4) into the atmosphere.

Question 5

Clean energy

Answer 5

It works by producing power without having negative environmental impacts, such as the release of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide.

Question 6

Fossil fuels (Fossil fuels are mined from the earth and used as sources of energy. Fossil fuels are called so because they are derived from fossils, or organic matter that has been fossilized over millions of years.)

Answer 6

These are coal, oil, or natural gas that contain carbon and were formed as a result of geologic processes acting on the remains of ancient plants and animals.

Question 7

Greenhouse effect

Answer 7

the gradual warming of the earth because of heat trapped by carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere

Question 8

Pollution

Answer 8

the presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance which has harmful or poisonous effects.

Question 9

Recycling

Answer 9

the action or process of converting waste into reusable material.

Question 10

pose a threat

Answer 10

to cause something, especially a problem or difficulty.

Question 11

demand (She demanded to see the manager.)

Answer 11

to ask for something very firmly, especially when you feel very strongly about it.

Question 12

sustainable (The government should do more to promote sustainable agriculture.)

Answer 12

able to continue without causing damage to the environment.

Question 13

unstable (Then he lost his job, and their finances became unstable.)

Answer 13

likely to change suddenly and become worse.

Question 14

face (Emergency services are facing additional problems this winter.)

Answer 14

to have a difficult situation that you must deal with.

Question 15

extreme (Extreme weather events are becoming more frequent.)

Answer 15

very unusual and severe.

Question 16

humid (The air was hot and still and humid.)

Answer 16

with air that is very wet and usually hot.

Question 17

predict (Scientists are trying to predict what the Amazon will look like in 20 years’ time.)

Answer 17

to say that something will happen, before it happens.

Question 18

predictable (The snow had a predictable effect on traffic.)

Answer 18

doing something or happening in a way that you expect.

Question 19

altitude (It’s very difficult to breathe at high altitudes.)

Answer 19

the height of an object or place above the sea.

Question 20

breed (past tense and past participle bred) (Agricultural companies are trying to breed drought-resistant wheat.)

Answer 20

to develop a seed or plant to produce new plants with particular qualities.

Question 21

incompatibility (The same game can’t be played on different machines, due to operating system incompatibility.)

Answer 21

when two things are of different types and so cannot be used together.

Question 22

outdated

Answer 22

no longer considered useful or effective because something more modern exists.

Question 23

spread (Her workload is heavy and demands that she spread her attention over several projects.)

Answer 23

to share or divide something among more people or things.

Question 24

Spread [singular] (The lack of clean water played a part in the rapid spread of the disease.)

Answer 24

when something affects a larger number of people or involves a larger area.

Question 25

standstill ( Trafic was at a standstill.)

Answer 25

a situation in which there is no movement or activity at all.

Question 26

update (The company has issued an update of its popular spreadsheet software.)

Answer 26

a change or addition to a computer file so that it has the most recent information.

Question 27

cyberattack (The cyberattack prevented thousands of the bank’s customers from accessing their accounts.)

Answer 27

the use of the internet to illegally see or damage the information on someone’s computer system.

Question 28

ransomware (The hospital was the latest victim in a series of ransomware attacks.)

Answer 28

software that stops a person or organisation from being able to use the information stored on their computer, unless they pay money to a criminal.

Question 29

approach (It might be possible to approach the problem in a different way.)

Answer 29

to begin to deal with a situation or problem in a particular way or with a particular attitude.

Question 30

challenge (It can be di cult to challenge aggressive behaviour, but it is necessary.)

Answer 30

to question something and refuse to accept that it is right or fair.

Question 31

satisfactorily (The question has not been satisfactorily answered.)

Answer 31

in a way that is good enough.

Question 32

satisfy (satisfied, satisfying, satisfies) (The programme is designed to satisfy the needs of adult learners.)

Answer 32

to provide what is needed or wanted.

Question 33

analytical (During the course, students will develop their analytical skills.)

Answer 33

thinking about things in a detailed and intelligent way, so that you can examine and understand things.

Question 34

beliefs-driven (Consumers can be beliefs-driven about which products they buy— supporting Fair Trade or eco-friendly products, for example.)

Answer 34

strongly influenced by the beliefs and ideas you have.

Question 35

practical (I tried to calm down and be practical—what was the best thing to do?)

Answer 35

good at dealing with problems and making decisions based on what is possible and what will really work.

Question 36

creative (We need someone creative and enthusiastic to take this project forward.)

Answer 36

good at using imagination to make things or solve problems.

Question 37

extroverted (His cheerful, extroverted son makes friends easily.)

Answer 37

active, con dent and enjoying spending time with other people.

Question 38

introverted (He was quiet and somewhat introverted, but always friendly.)

Answer 38

quiet, shy and not always enjoying being with other people.

Question 39

structured (The interviews were highly structured.)

Answer 39

carefully organised, planned or arranged.

Question 40

Flexible (We can be flexible about your starting date.)

Answer 40

able to change or be changed easily to suit a new situation.

Question 41

identify (identified, identifying, identifies) (They identified a number of problem areas)

Answer 41

to recognise or discover something and understand what it is like.

Question 42

stay ahead of something/someone (They keep coming out with cool new features to stay ahead of their competitors.)

Answer 42

to continue to be more successful or make more progress than someone or something else.

Question 43

advisable [not before noun] (Regular medical check-ups are advisable.)

Answer 43

suggesting that something should be done in order to avoid problems or risks.

Question 44

implement (We have decided to implement the committee’s recommendations in full.)

Answer 44

to take action or make changes that you have officially decided should happen.

Question 45

unreasonable (It didn’t seem like an unreasonable request.)

Answer 45

not fair or sensible.

Question 46

course of action ( I agreed that this was the only sensible course of action.)

Answer 46

an action or series of actions that you could take in order to deal with a particular situation.