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Physiology 2nd Smester > VNS L1 > Flashcards

VNS L1 Flashcards

1
Q

Tell me one of the main function of the body ?

A

Is the mentanance of homeosatsis

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2
Q

What is the regulation mean ?

A

Is the changeing the course of any function or process with purpose if achieving a particular result

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3
Q

Example of regultory reaction ?

A

Functioning of certain selected cells , human social behavior

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4
Q

Classifaction ( or the general charitrasic ) of ogranism regulatory mechanisms

A
  • nervous
    Levels :
  • central = by central neveous system
    -Phriphral = by metasympathtic nervous system
  • humoral
    Levels:
    General : hormonal
    Preiphral : paracrine
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5
Q

What is the humoral regulation ? And example

A

Its implemnted though releasing regltory substance into body fluid

Ex- blood

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6
Q

What is the nervous ( or reflix ) reglatory

A

It is implemented through the nervous system , using redlixes

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7
Q

What is the general humral regulation ?

A

Its carried out by Endocrine glands = like hypothalmus , the thyroid gland , sexual gland , though releasing hormons into blood , which are spread by ut thoughout have general effect and also can called ( endocrine regulation )

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8
Q

What is the phriephral humoral regulation

A

Its carried out by APUD-System ,
APUD-system - its group of sepratly deffusely located secretory cells , which are persent in larg numbers in practically all organs , and they are secret their secretes into inter cellular fulid of the given organ, and therefore can affect only the activtes of this organ , and thats method of regulation called paracrine regulation

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9
Q

What is the hormons

A

Hormons is a substance secreted by glands if internal secetion into the blood stream , and its regulate the actevites of various ograns ans systems of whole body

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10
Q

What is the central nervous regulation ?

A

Its level which is able to modfiy the activtiy of all organs and body system is implmented by CNS

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11
Q

What is the local level of nervous regulation ?

A

Its linked into the implemntaion of prephral reflexes and functioning of peripheal nervous system , local reflexis carreid out by Metsympathic nervous system

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12
Q

What is the classfication of CNS anatomaclly

A

Spinal cord , brain , mudulla oblongata mid brain

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13
Q

What us the parts of the CNS function physiologcally ?

A
  • Somatic nervous system (SoNS)- main
  • vegtative nervous system (VNS) Mian
  • meta sympathatic nervous system (MNS) saidly
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14
Q

What is the Somatic system ?

A

Its system which regulate the actevity of Skelatel Muscles, and its volnteerly

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15
Q

What is the Vegtative nervous system ?

A

Its system regulate the internal organs of the body
- Inclouding 2 parts
1- Sympataic nervous system
2- parasympathtic nervous system

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16
Q

What is the sympathatic nervous system ?

A
  • function : rising heart rait , blood vessles constrict , glocuse relessing from liver
  • fibers orignate from : thoacic and lumber region of spinal cord

It has short perganglionic and long postganglionic fibers
- the ganglia is near to spinal cord

17
Q

What is the parasympathatic nervous system ?

A
  • function : digestion of the food , general mentanince
  • Fibers oregnate from ?
    Brain or sacral region of the spinal cord
  • it has long pergangloinc and short postganglionc fibers

The ganglia in the effector organs

18
Q

How parasymplathatic and sympathatic systems are work toghther

A

Though dual innervation

19
Q

What is the main deffreince between SoNS and VNS

A 
1-higher centers 
2- lower centers 
3 - motor Element 
4- mediator 
5- receptors 
6 - segmntal metamaric 
7 - Effector 
8- functonial deffrencises 
9 -voronterness
20
Q

Wha is the meaning of Humor in Latin ?

A

Its mean Liquid , wet , fluid

21
Q

Explain the deffrence in Higher Center between Sons and VNS

A
  • SoNS : higher Center is Cortex precebtral gyrus where the pyramdil tract start its termenates a- and y- motornuouns of spinal cord
  • VNS : higher center is Hypothalmus
22
Q

Explain the deffrence in lower Center between Sons and VNS

A

-SoNS : motornuoron is located in the Ant, horn of the substance of spinal cord
There are the a- and y- motornouron

VNS : the motornouron located in the latral horn of spinal cord or medulla oblangata

23
Q

Explain the deffrence in motor element between Sons and VNS

A

-SoNs : its consist of 1 motor neroun and its located in Ant, horn

-VNS: its consist of 2 motor neroun
1 located in latral Horn
1 located out of CNS called ( vegtative ganglia )

24
Q

Explain the deffrence in mediaitor between Sons and VNS

A
  • SoNS : on Effector ( muscles ) Acyticholein ( ACH ) is Secreted
  • VNS : imuplses transmission carried out by Acytilcholine (ACH ) or noradrenalin (NA)
25
Q

Explain the deffrence in Receptors between Sons and VNS

A

-SoNS : on the effctor only
N-cholinorecptor (N-h/r)

-VNS : on the 2nd motorneourn
N-cholinorecptor , and on the effctor ethier M-cholinoreceptor or adrenorecptor ,

26
Q

Explain the deffrence in Segmental meta maric between Sons and VNS

A

-SoNS : somatic nerve Fibers leave the spinal cord segmentally and overlap with innervating at least 3 nighbouring metamers

-VNS : has no prenciple of segmental meatmaric innervation
VNS fibers go from 3 sites
- brain stem
-thoracolumbr
- sacral part
Then they distrbute on prephry and is consederd to be deffuse, they innervates the all vescral systems without any exeption which in the most cases have sympathatic and parasympathatic innervation

27
Q

What is the MetaMers ?

A

Its part of the body surface and skelatal muscles innervating from 3 nighbouring of spinak cord

28
Q

Explain the deffrence in Effector between Sons and VNS

A

-SoNS : effector is the skelatal muscles

-VNS: effector is ethier
1 smooth muscles
2 cardiac muscles
3 gland

29
Q

Explain the in functonal deffreinces between Sons and VNS

A
  • SoNS : regulate the tonic actevity of the skelatel muscles
  • VNS : alters the actevtiy of the internal organs
30
Q

Explain the deffrence in Volonterness between Sons and VNS

A
  • SoNS : volontrely , you can change the toinc of the skelatel mucles
  • VNS : unvolontry , volontrness of VNS is extremly low , however using somw Yoga training you can achive some missur of controling over the actevty if internal organs
31
Q

Is the recepitve field ( intercalary ) or (addernt element ) are part of the VNS of SoNS ?

A

The answer is No
They are not part of the VNS or SoNS
But they are part of there reflixes archs

32
Q

What is the diffrents between local and general humral

A

General : is carried out by Endocrine glands such as hypothalmus by releasing hormons into the blood , which regulate the ograns

Local : is carried out by so - called APUD-system and its relesing intercelular fluid and regulate the spicfic organ

33
Q

What is the reflex ?

A

Its respons of the body , mediaite though the central nervous system CNS

34
Q

Is the reflix cereberfugal respons to centripetal irritation ?

A

Yes

Physiology 2nd Smester (13 decks)

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