VIVA: Pathology - Cardiovascular system

Answer 1

Age >60
Male
Smoking
HTN*
Atherosclerosis*
Diabetes mellitus
Family history
Connective tissue disease (e.g. Marfan’s, Ehlers-Danlos)
Vasculitis
Trauma
Congenital
Infection
Inflammation

• needed to pass + two others

Question 2

Describe the pathogenesis of an aneurysm

Answer 2

Aneurysms can occur when the structure or function of the connective tissue within the vascular wall is compromised
Atherosclerotic plaque in intima
Compressed media with degeneration

Question 3

What is the definition of cardiomyopathy?

Answer 3

Heterogenous group of diseases of the myocardium that is associated with mechanical and/or electrical dysfunction* that usually (but not invariably) exhibit inappropriate ventricular hypertrophy or dilation*

Primary cardiomyopathies can be congenital or acquired

Secondary cardiomyopathies have myocardial involvement as a component of a systemic or multisystem disorder

Question 4

What are the types of cardiomyopathy? Give a cause of each

Answer 4

Hypertrophic: 75% genetic cause, autosomal dominant HCM
Dilated: alcohol, myocarditis, idiopathic, peripartum, genetic
Restrictive*: infiltrative (amyloidosis, sarcoidosis), non-infiltrative (idiopathic, scleroderma)

• needed to pass + one example of each

Question 5

What type of cardiomyopathy is alcoholic cardiomyopathy?

Answer 5

Dilated