Vitamins Water Soluble Flashcards
Water soluble B vitamines
- significance?
Thiamin (B1) Riboflavin (B2) Niacin (B3) - E releasing vitamins - all are involved in glycolysis/krebs cycle
Where are these founds?
Thiamin
Riboflavin
Niacin
Thiamin: pork, legumes
Riboflavin: dairy, eggs, meats
Niacin: meat/poultry, tryptophan (precursor)
Types of Thiamin (B1) deficiency
Beriberi: nervous + cardiovascular system
- “Dry”
- “Wet”
- Wernicke-Korsakoff
Dry Beri beri sx
peripheral neuropathy, weakness + atrophy
Foot drop
Wet Beri Beri sx
edema, circulatory collapse, CHF
Wernicke-Korsakoff sx
confusion
OPHTHALMOPLEGIA
Ataxia
memory loss
Riboflavin (B2) deficiency findings
(due to low dairy, animal products)
Cheilosis (cracked lips) Angular stomatitis (lesions on side of lips)
Niacin (B3) deficiency who’s at risk
“Pellagra”
- Nutritional/dietary restriction
- cornmeal based diet
- Food faddism/restriction (rice diet)
- breastfed infant of deficient mother - Malabsorption syndrome
- Alcoholism
- Metabolic “shunting” –> increased 5’HT –> decreased Tryptophan
Pellagra 4 D’s
- Diarrhea
- Dermatitis
- “Casal’s necklace” - Dementia
- confusion, dizzy, hallucination - Death
*Niacin B3 def.
B complex vitamins
“hematopoietic”
Folate
VIt B12
Sources of folic acid
“foliage” deep green veggies
OJ
Whole grains
What type of vitamin def leads to macrocytic anemia (High MCV) + hypersegmented neutrophils?
Folate + VIt B12
Which VIt is necessary for the conversion of homocysteine –> methionine?
B12 (cobalamin)
- very intimately related to folate
- problem for vegans
Which vitamin has neurological disturbances
+ macrocytic anemia and hypersegmented neutrophils
VIt B12 Neuro disurbances: -depression, - paresthesias, - gait - disturbances, - burning tongue, - dizziness
Fxns of Vit C (Ascorbic acid)
- Reversible antioxidant, Vit E
- Reducing equivalents to enzymes
- Leukocyte fxn (increase WBC)
- Cosubstrate in hydroxylation
- collagen synth - Conversion of DA –> NE
Which vitamins involve skin findings?
Niacin Vit C \_\_\_\_\_\_ (A) K
Which vit involve mouth findings?
Ribo Vit C Folate B12 \_\_\_\_\_
Which vit involve neuro findings?
Thiamin (C) B12 \_\_\_\_\_ E
Which Vitamins involve anemia?
Vit C Folate B12 \_\_\_\_\_ E (K)
Which Vitamins present with these “other” sx?
-CHF
Thiamin
Which Vitamins present with these “other” sx?
- eyes
Riboflavin
Which Vitamins present with these “other” sx?
- Diarrhea
Niacin
Which Vitamins present with these “other” sx?
- Joint pain
Vit C
Which Vitamins present with these “other” sx?
- eyes + bindness
Vit A
Which Vitamins present with these “other” sx?
- Rickets
Vit D
Which findings do Vit C def present with?
All of them Skin Mouth Neuro Anemia Joint pain
