Vitamins and Minerals Flashcards
What are some of the functions of vitamins?
- Aid the body in metabolism
- help in tissue synthesis
- help in formation of blood cells
What does DRI stand for?
Dietary Reference Intake
What does RDA stand for?
Recommended Daily Allowance
What foes DV stand for?
Daily Value
Are dietary supplements necessary?
Not really if you are eating a balance diet, but can help fill holes
What does ‘fortification’ mean?
When vitamins/minerals are added to foods where they DO NOT naturally occur
What does ‘enriched’ mean?
Adding nutrients back to foods that were lost in the processing process
What cooking methods are best to preserve the most vitamins?
Stir frying, short cooking times, lower temperatures
What oral factors can indicate a vitamin deficiency?
Angular cheilosis
Fungal infections
Inflammation of mucus membranes
Are minerals organic or inorganic?
Inorganic (do not contain carbon)
Where are minerals found in the body?
Body fluids, cells, and highly mineralized tissues such as bones
What are some functions of minerals?
Forming blood cells
Participate in growth and development of brain
Forming hormones
Converting glucose/fats/proteins to energy
What minerals are classified as electrolytes?
Sodium, potassium, and calcium
What is bioavailability?
The mineral is available for the body to use for metabolic functions
What are some good sources of phytochemicals?
Kale, broccoli, spinach, brussel sprouts, peanuts, grapes
Who might be at risk of mineral deficiency?
- People with Lactose Intolerance
- People with anorexia
- Strict vegetarians or vegans who eliminate all animal proteins
- People taking certain medications such as diuretics.
What is the most toxic vitamin?
Vitamin D (causes excess calcium in the blood)
Which is the only vitamin found exclusively in animal food?
B12
Why are water soluble vitamins usually less toxic?
The excess is excreted in urine rather than stored in fat
How many major minerals are there?
7
