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YR2 NUTRITION > Vitamins > Flashcards

Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

What are fat soluble vitamins?

A

They are only soluble in fat

The body can only absorb them when bile salts are available

Can be stored in the body when not in use

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2
Q

How are fat soluble vitamins absorbed?

A

Absorbed by fat globules that travel through the SI and are distributed through the body in the bloodstream

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3
Q

What are the 4 fat soluble vitamins?

A

Vitamin A

Vitamin D

Vitamin E

Vitamin K

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4
Q

What are the functions of Vitamin A?

A

Essential for night vision

Regulation of immune system

Appetite and maintenance of skin and coat

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5
Q

What does excess Vitamin A lead to?

A

Abnormal bone formation or bone fusion

Skin changes

Joint problems

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6
Q

What does deficiency in Vitamin A lead to?

A

Poor skin and coat condition

Night blindness

Bone and teeth abnormalities

Weakened immunity

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7
Q

What are sources of Vitamin A?

A

Dart leafy green s
Carrots
Fish liver oil
Liver

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8
Q

Do cats synthesise Vitamin A?

A

No must be provided in their diet

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9
Q

What are functions of Vitamin D?

A

Increases amount of calcium and phosphorus absorbed by SI

maintains correct levels of calcium and phosphorus in the blood

Helps with immunity and control of cell growth

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10
Q

What can excess vitamin D lead to?

A

Bone and tooth malformation

Slowed growth

Decreased appetite

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11
Q

What can deficiency in vitamin D lead to?

A

Weakened or softer bones as not enough calcium is being absorbed

Loss of bone mass

Weakened muscles

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12
Q

What are sources of vitamin D?

A

Cod liver oil
Dairy products
Eggs
Grass or hay

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13
Q

What does vitamin D stimulate?

A

The synthesis of calcium binding protein, necessary for absorption of calcium and phosphorus

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14
Q

What are the functions of Vitamin E?

A

Protection of cell membranes

Regulation of immune system

Acts as antioxidant - helps protect the cell from unstable molecules

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15
Q

What can deficient in Vitamin E lead to?

A

Widespread cell damage

Reproductive and immune response failure

Muscle weakness

Affects bowels

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16
Q

What are sources of vitamin E?

A

Vegetable oil
Grains
Nuts
Seeds
Leafy green vegetables

17
Q

What are functions of vitamin K?

A

Play essential part in blood coagulation

Binds to calcium bone

Helps produce proteins for blood, bones and kidneys

18
Q

What can deficiency in vitamin K lead to?

A

Anaemia or haemorrhaging

Blood clotting from mucous membranes

Bleeding from bowels

Increased blood clotting time

19
Q

What are sources of vitamin K?

A

Dark leafy greens
Soybean oil
Live
Meat

20
Q

What are water soluble vitamins?

A

Vitamins only soluble in water, the body can easily absorb them into tissues for immediate use

Found in foods or supplements

21
Q

Where are water soluble vitamins stored?

A

Not stored in the body

Need to be replenished regularly in the diet

22
Q

What B vitamins are included in water soluble vitamins?

A

Biotin
Folate
Niacin
Pantothenic acid
Riboflavin
Thiamine
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B12

23
Q

What are functions of vitamin B?

A

Play role on many enzyme reactions of the metabolism

Helps maintain nervous system and blood cell production in bone marrow

Important in normal cardiovascular function

24
Q

What can deficiency in vitamin B lead to?

A

Skin disorders - dermatitis, skin lesions, slow wound healing

Anaemia and lethargy

Vomiting and nausea

Moth ulceration

25
Q

What are sources of vitamin B?

A

Fish
Organ meat
Eggs
Pulses
Nuts
Seeds

26
Q

What are functions of Vitamin C?

A

Holds cells together through collagen synthesis

Aids in bone and tooth formation

Wound healing

Strengthens blood vessel walls

Functioning of immune system

27
Q

What can deficiency in vitamin C lead to?

A

Scurvy or anorexia

Haemorrhages

Muscle and joint pain

28
Q

What are sources of vitamin C?

A

Fruit and veg
Potatoes
Green leafy veg

YR2 NUTRITION (10 decks)

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