Energy Flashcards
What factors affect energy requirements?
Activity level
Age
Health status
Size
Breed or species
Reproductive status
What nutrients supply energy?
Fats
Carbohydrates
Proteins
How does energy density vary between diets?
Varies according to the relative amount of energy supplying nutrients
Varies with the water content of the diet
Why is energy required?
To survive and is vital for all major functions of the body
Growth
Locomotion
Repair
Exercise
Breathing
Reproduction
How does the body obtain energy?
By oxidising the food it’s eaten
Why are enzymes essential in energy regulation?
They regulate the rate energy is released
Stops all the energy being released at once
How is energy lost?
During different body processes
What is gross energy?
The total energy released by the oxidation of food in an environment of pure oxygen
What is digestible energy?
The energy available from a food where it has been absorbed into the body after digestion in the digestive tract
How is digestible energy calculated?
Gross energy - Faecal losses
What is metabolises energy?
The energy that is ultimately utilised by the tissues
How is metabolisable energy calculated?
Digestible energy - Urinary losses
What is net energy?
The energy available to the animal for upkeep of vital function, exercise, growth and adaption to the changing environment
Primarily used for maintenance then for production
How is net energy calculated?
Metabolisable energy - Heat increment
What is Basal Metabolic Rate?
The energy required to keep essential bodily processes functioning and so maintain the animal
