Vitamin/Nutritional Deficiency and Health-19 Flashcards
What are vitamins required for in the body?
Needed for growth and maintenance of body systems = to provide the energy we need to stay alive, keep warm and be active.
What can a lack of vitamins or healthy diet lead to?
Heart Disease
Bone and Joint Health
Diabetes
Cancer
Who are vulnerable groups for vitamin and nutritional deficiencies?
- Pregnant women
- Children
- Elderly
- Certain ethnicities (lack of sunshine)
What are fat-soluble vitamins
A D E K
What are examples of water-soluble vitamins?
C B, Pantheonic acid, biotin, folic acid
What vitamins can be toxic in high amounts?
Fat Soluble- Can easily get toxicity if taken too much eg. vitamin A as retinol
Water soluble- Generally not toxic as excreted in the urine.
What are anti-oxidants?
A substance which delays or prevents oxidation- found in fruit, veg and plants.
What are probiotics?
Many different flora bacteria, when taken in adequate amounts.
- Aids digestion, Improves bowel movement, Prevent harmful bacteria multiplying.
Who should take fish oils and why?
Mild anti-inflammatory action, alter lipid metabolism, prevent thrombosis, inhibit atheroscleorisis.
Contain Vitamin E and A so avoid in pregnancy.
What is enteral nutrition
Feed is delivered into the stomach via nasogastric tube, gastrostomy or beyond the stomach into intestine.
What is PEG
Percutaneous endoscopic feeding for longer term but delivered via a pump and reservoir.
What is parenteral nutrition?
Nutrients are delivered directly into the circulatory system via a dedicated venous catheter.
Delivered via a 3L bag containing a daily regimen of amino acids, fat, dextrose, water and fat-soluble vitamins
Due to having no mechanical action in the stomach, hunger pangs will still be there.
