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GCSE Food Tech > Vitamin Nutrition > Flashcards

Vitamin Nutrition Flashcards

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1
Q

Vitamin A function

A

helps form and maintain healthy teeth, skeletal and soft tissue, mucus membranes, and skin
promotes good eyesight

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2
Q

Vitamin A sources

A 
Cod liver oil.
Eggs.
Fortified breakfast cereals.
Fortified skim milk.
Orange and yellow vegetables and fruits.
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3
Q

Vitamin A effects of deficiency

A

Dry Skin
Night Blindness
Delayed Growth

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4
Q

Vitamin A excess

A

Toxic to the body

Damage the development of an unborn baby

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5
Q

Vitamin D function

A

absorption of calcium, helping to form and maintain strong bones.

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6
Q

Vitamin D sources

A

Sunlight

Fatty fish, like tuna, mackerel, and salmon.

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7
Q

Vitamin D effects of deficiency

A

bone pain and muscle weakness

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8
Q

Vitamin D excess

A

buildup of calcium in your blood (hypercalcemia), which can cause nausea and vomiting, weakness, and frequent urination.

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9
Q

Vitamin E function

A

Antioxidant

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10
Q

Vitamin E sources

A

Vegetable oils
Nuts
Seeds
Green leafy vegetables

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11
Q

Vitamin E effects of deficiency

A

disorientation and vision problems.

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12
Q

Vitamin E excess

A

Excess is rare

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13
Q

Vitamin K function

A

Enables blood to clot when the body is injured

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14
Q

Vitamin K sources

A

Plant and animal foods

Green leafy veg

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15
Q

Vitamin K effects of deficiency

A

Very rare

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16
Q

Vitamin K excess

A

Very rare

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17
Q

Vitamin C function

A

growth and repair of tissues in all parts of your body. It is used to: Form an important protein used to make skin, tendons, ligaments, and blood vessels

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18
Q

Vitamin C sources

A

Citrus fruits

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19
Q

Vitamin C effects of deficiency

A

fatigue, red gums, easy bruising and bleeding, joint pain and rough, bumpy skin

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20
Q

Vitamin C excess

A

fatigue, red gums, easy bruising and bleeding, joint pain and rough, bumpy skin

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21
Q

Vitamin B1 function

A

Enables energy to be released from carbohydrate in the body cells during respiration

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22
Q

Vitamin B1 sources

A 
Meat
Milk
Cheese
Eggs
Fruit and veg
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23
Q

Vitamin B1 effects of deficiency

A

Condition called beri-beri

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24
Q

Vitamin B1 excess

A

Loss of weight and appetite

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25
Q

Vitamin B2 function

A

Enables energy to be released from carbohydrate in the body cells during respiration

26
Q

Vitamin B2 sources

A

Milk products

27
Q

Vitamin B2 effects of deficiency

A

Rare but may lead to sores in corners of mouth

28
Q

Vitamin B2 excess

A

Rare

29
Q

Vitamin B3 function

A

Enables energy to be released from food in body cells for respiration

30
Q

Vitamin B3 sources

A

Beef
Pork
Wheat flour
Eggs

31
Q

Vitamin B3 effects of deficiency

A

Pellagra

32
Q

Vitamin B3 excess

A

Liver problems

33
Q

Vitamin B9 function

A

Works with B12 to make healthy blood cells

34
Q

Vitamin B9 sources

A

Folate

Green leafy veg

35
Q

Vitamin B9 effects of deficiency

A

Megaloblastic anaemia

36
Q

Vitamin B9 excess

A

Unborn babies could have defects in spinal cords

37
Q

Vitamin B12 function

A

Works with B9 to make healthy red blood cells

38
Q

Vitamin B12 sources

A

Cobalamin

39
Q

Vitamin B12 effects of deficiency

A

Pernicious anaemia

40
Q

Vitamin B12 excess

A

Skin redness and outbreaks

41
Q

What is the function of protein?

A

Growth and repair

42
Q

What are the deficiency effects of protein?

A

Weak bones and fractures

Decrease in muscle mass

43
Q

What are the excess effects of protein?

A

Weight gain

Kidney damage

44
Q

Name sources of protein

A

Egg
Chicken
Fish

45
Q

What is the function of fat?

A

Insulated body

Provides lots of energy

46
Q

What are the deficiency effects of fat?

A

Increase in cholesterol

Higher risk of heart disease

47
Q

What are the two types of fat?

A

Saturated and unsaturated

48
Q

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fat?

A

Saturated fats are found in more animal sources and unsaturated fats are mostly found in oils from plants and fish

49
Q

Name sources of saturated fat

A

Cheese
Cake
Butter

50
Q

Name sources of unsaturated fat

A

Avocado
Olive oil
Nuts

51
Q

What are the three types of carbohydrates?

A

Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides

52
Q

What is the function of monosaccharides?

A

To produce and store energy

53
Q

Name sources of monosaccharides

A

Glucose
Fructose
Galactose

54
Q

What is the function of disaccharides?

A

Provides body with quick source of energy

55
Q

Name sources of disaccharides

A

Sucrose
Lactose
Maltose

56
Q

What is the function of polysaccharides?

A

Source of energy from plants

Store energy in organisms

57
Q

Name the 4 polysaccharides

A

Glycogen
Starch
Cellulose
Chitin

58
Q

What function does each polysaccharides do?

A

Starch ─ an energy source obtained from plants
Cellulose ─ a structural polysaccharide in plants; when consumed, it acts as a dietary fibre
Glycogen ─ a storage form of glucose in the human liver and muscles.

59
Q

What are the excess effects of carbohydrates?

A

Carbohydrates are stored as fat if consumed in excess leading to obesity

60
Q

What are the deficiency effects of carbohydrates?

A

Weight loss

weak body and bones

61
Q

Name fat soluble vitamins

A

Vitamins A, D, E, and K

62
Q

Name water soluble vitamins

A

Vitamin B and C

GCSE Food Tech (14 decks)

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