Vitamin Deficiencies

Question 1

Riboflavin

Answer 1

B2 (FMN, FAD)

Oral, Ocular, Genital

Question 2

Niacin

Answer 2

B3 (NAD, NADP, trp)

Pellagra - triple Boob Ds (diarrhea, dementia, dermatitis)

Hartnups disease - kidney and intestine defect

Toxic = niacin flush - tingly sensation

Question 3

Pantothenic Acid

Answer 3

CoA

Rare Def and Toxic

Question 4

Pyridoxine

Answer 4

B6 (TPP)

Def rare

Toxic - nerve degeneration, pain and numbness

Question 5

Biotin

Answer 5

B7

Rare Def

Raw eggs

Question 6

Folate

Answer 6

B9 - activates B12

Def. neural tube defects

Question 7

Colbalamin

Answer 7

B12 - relies on folate

• methionine, FA synthesis, DNA, RNA

released from HCl, absorbed via Intrinsic factor

Def - pernicious anemia - inadequate absorption

Question 8

Vitamin C

Answer 8

Scurvy

Toxic - supplementation

Question 9

Vitamin A

Answer 9

Retinol - reproduction and growth
Retinal - vision
Retinoic acid - protein synthesis and cell differentiation, skin

Def - infectious diseases, night blindness, blindness
Toxic - bone and birth defects, beta-carotene

Question 10

Vitamin D

Answer 10

Sunlight, cholesterol precursor

Def - rickets, osteomalacia
toxic - supplements, raises blood calcium

Question 11

Vitamin E

Answer 11

Antioxidant, protects cell membranes

Def - rare, erythrocyte hemolysis

Toxic - rare, regulated by liver

Question 12

Vitamin K

Answer 12

Blood clotting

Primary def rare

Warfarin blocks

Question 13

Thiamine

Answer 13

(TPP)

Malnourished and alcoholics

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome: depression, appetite loss, unsteady eye movements, abnormal stance

Beriberi -