Vitals Flashcards
what are the 4 signs of life?
temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure
what is the normal temperature range
35.8 (96.5) to 37.4 (99.4)
an increased temp can mean what
infection, recent activity, underlying pathology, heat exhaustion, heat stroke
a decrease in temp can mean what
advanced age, nutritional deficiency, cold exposure, recent cold drink, hypothermic
what is a normal heart rate?
50-100 bpm
what is an elevated heart rate called
tachycardia
tachycardia is when the BPM is
> 100 bpm
what are some reasons for tachycardia?
underlying pathology, hypertension, exercise, illness, injury, emotions
what is a decreased heart rate?
bradycardia
bradycardia is described as a heart rate that is
<50
what are some reasons for bradycardia
underlying pathology, well-conditioned athlete
what are the upper extremity pulse points
carotid, brachial, radial, ulnar
what are the lower extremity pulse points
femoral, popliteal, dorsal pedal, posterior tibial
what is a normal respiratory rate?
18-20 BPM
what is a decreased RR called
Bradypnea
what are some reasons for bradypnea
diabetic, coma, drugs, increased intracranial pressure
what is a increased RR
tachypnea
at what rate would one have bradypnea?
<12 bpm
at what rate would one have tachypnea
> 20 bpm
what are some reasons for tachypnea
restrictive lung disease, pleurisy, elevated diaphragm
what is pulse pressure
the difference b/w the systolic and diastolic pressures
a blood pressure of more than 120/80 is what
hypertension
a blood pressure of 120-139/80-89 is what
pre-hypertension
when blood pressure is 140-159/90-99 it is
grade 1 hyperstension
160-179/100-110 is called
grade 2 hypertension
anything greater than 180/120 is called what
grade 3/malignant hypertension = medical emergancy
blood pressure below 90/60 is what
hypotension
