assesment intro

Question 1

What is HOPMNRS

Answer 1

patient History
Observation
Palpation
Movement
Neurological
Referred pain
Special tests

Question 2

what is MNOPQRST

Answer 2

Mechanism of injury
Narrative
Onset
Position
Quality
Radiating
Severity
Timing
Previous treatments
Medications

Question 3

what is a Dermatome

Answer 3

a area of skin that a single nerve innervates

Question 4

what is a myotome

Answer 4

a group of muscles a single nerve innervates

Question 5

what is peripheralization of pain?

Answer 5

pain that enlarges or becomes more distal

Question 6

what is Centralization of pain?

Answer 6

pain that becomes smaller or more localized

Question 7

What are some Cancer red flags

Answer 7

persistent pain at night, constant pain anywhere in body, unexplained weight loss, loss of appetite, unusual lumps or growths, unwarranted fatigue

Question 8

what are some Cardiovascular red flags

Answer 8

shortness of breathe, dizziness, pain or heaviness feeling in chest, pulsating pain, constant or severe pain in lower leg or arm, discoloured or painful feet, swelling with no injury

Question 9

what are some GI/GU red flags

Answer 9

frequent or severe abdominal pain, frequent heartburn or indigestion, frequent nausea or vomiting, change in bowel or bladder function, unusual menstrual irregularities

Question 10

what are some neurological red flags

Answer 10

changes in hearing, frequent or severe headaches with no injury, problems swallowing, changes in speech, changes in vision, problems with balance/coordination, falling or faint spells, sudden weakness

Question 11

miscellaneous red flags

Answer 11

fever or night sweats, recent severe emotional disturbances, swelling or redness in any joint without history of injury, pregnancy

Question 12

yellow flags include

Answer 12

abnormal signs and symptoms, bilateral symptoms, peripheralization, neurological symptoms, multiple nerve root involvement, abnormal sensation patterns, saddle anesthesia, upper motor neuron symptoms, fainting or drop attacks, vertigo

Question 13

What does constant pain suggest?

Answer 13

suggests chemical irritation, tumors or possible visceral lesions

Question 14

what is episodic pain

Answer 14

related so specific activities, this type of pain is more mechanical and related to movement

Question 15

what is acute

Answer 15

symptoms that have been present for 7-10 days

Question 16

what is subacute

Answer 16

symptoms that have been present for 10 days to 7 weeks

Question 17

what is chronic

Answer 17

symptoms that have been present for longer than 7 weeks

Question 18

there are 5 types of pain patterns what are they

Answer 18

dermal pain, sclerotomic pain, visceral pain, radicular pain, phantom pain

Question 19

where does dermal pain come from

Answer 19

from the soft tissues, usually well localized

Question 20

where does sclerotomic pain come from

Answer 20

from deep somatic tissues typically deep, aching & somewhat localized

Question 21

where does visceral pain come from

Answer 21

from internal organ capsule distension, deep cramping, pain may be sharp at times, poorly localized. can be immobilizing

Question 22

where does radicular pain come from

Answer 22

from nerve roots, described as shooting, eletrical or burning pain and in a dermatomal pattern

Question 23

where does phantom pain come from

Answer 23

arises from direct changes in neural pathways & perception of the brain