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NURS175 > Vital Signs and Pain Assessment > Flashcards

Vital Signs and Pain Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

indicate the effectiveness of the circulatory, respiratory, neural, and endocrine body functions

A

vital signs

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2
Q

what is refered to as the 5th vital sign

A

pain

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3
Q

a change in vital signs indicates a change in

A

phisiological function

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4
Q

what is the acceptable reading temperature range for a healthy adult

A

36- 38`

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5
Q

what is the acceptable reading oral/tympanic/temporal range for an adult

A

37

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6
Q

what is the acceptable reading rectal temp range for an adult

A

37.5

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7
Q

what is the acceptable reading axillary temperature range for an adult

A

36.5

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8
Q

what is the acceptable reading pulse for an adult

A

60-100 BPM

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9
Q

what is the acceptable reading respirations for an adult

A

12-20 BPM

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10
Q

What is the acceptable reading systolic blood pressure for an adult

A

120-139 mmHg

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11
Q

what si the acceptable reading dialstolic blood pressure for an adult

A

80-89 mmHg

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12
Q

what is the acceptable reading for pulse pressure for an adult

A

30 -50 mm Hg

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13
Q

acceptable reading for oxygen saturation for an adult

A

95-100

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14
Q

bodys core tempurature is

A

constant

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15
Q

core temperature

A

temperature of structures deep within the body

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16
Q

sites of measurement of core temperature

A
  • rectum
  • tympanic membrane
  • temporal artery
  • esophagus
  • pulmonary artery
  • urinary bladder
  • nasopharynx
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17
Q

sites of measurement of surface tempurature

A
  • skin
  • mount
  • axillae
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18
Q

thermoregulation

A

the balance between heat lost a heat produced

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19
Q

what controls body tempurature

A

hypothalmus

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20
Q

what accounts for the heat produced by the body at absolute rest

A

basal metabolism

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21
Q

the average basal membrane rate depends on

A

bodys surface area

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22
Q

what effects BMR

A

thryroid hormones

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23
Q

shivering

A

bodys involuntary responce to temperature differences in the body

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24
Q

Nonshivering thermogensis occurs mainly in

A

newborns

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25
Q

radiation

A

transfer of heat from the surface of one object to the surface of anothers without the direct contact between the two

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26
Q

Conduction

A

transfer of heat from one object to another through direct contact

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27
Q

convection

A

is the transfer of heat away from the body by air movement

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28
Q

Evaporation

A

transfer of heat energy when a liquid is changed to a gas

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29
Q

Diaphoriesis

A
  • is visable perpiration
  • occurs primarly on the forehead and upper throat
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30
Q

Skin in tempurature regulation

A

regulates through:
- insulation of the body
- vasoconstriction
- tempurature sensation

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31
Q

a persons ability to control temperature depends on:

A
  • the degree of temp extreme
  • ability to sense feeling confortable/uncomfortable
  • thought process or emotion
  • mobility
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32
Q

Factors affecting body tempurature

A
  • age
  • exercise
  • hormone level
  • circadian rhythm
  • stress
  • enviorment
  • tempurature alterations
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33
Q

a fever is medically known as

A

pyrexia

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34
Q

when the fever breaks the person becomes

A

afebrile

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35
Q

when a fever occurs a fever is known as

A

febrile

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36
Q

hyperthermia

A

body tempurature that is elevated as a result of the bodys inability to promote heat loss or reduce heat production

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37
Q

malignant hypertherima

A
  • life threatining disorder of the skeletal muscles in people with a pharmacogenetic predesposition
  • causes muscle contractions and sever hypermetabolic crisis
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38
Q

heatstorke is caused by

A

prolonged exposure to sun or high enviormental tempuratures

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39
Q

Heat exhastion

A
  • occurs when profuse diaphroesis results in excessive water and electrolyte loss
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40
Q

Hypotherima

A

heat loss during prolonged exposure to cold overwhelms the bodys ability to produce heat

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41
Q

mild hypotherimia tempurature range

A

34-36

42
Q

moderate hyotherimia tempurature range

A

30-34

43
Q

sever hypotherimia temp range

A

below 30

44
Q

antipyretics

A

medications that reduce fever

45
Q

cardiac output

A

the output of blood pumped by the heat during 1 minute

46
Q

What are the characteristics of a pulse

A
  • rate
  • rhythm
  • strenght
  • equlaity
47
Q

Tachycardia

A
  • fast heart rate
  • more than 100 BPM in adults
48
Q

Bradycardia

A
  • slow heart rate
  • less than 60 BPM in adults
49
Q

slow heart rate could occur from what medication

A

b blockers

50
Q

pulse deficit

A

an inefficient contraction of the heart that fails to transmit a pulse to the peripheral sites

51
Q

dysrhythmia

A
  • abnormal rhythm
  • an interval interuppted by an early or late beat or missed beat
52
Q

ventilation

A
  • the movement of gases in and out of the lungs
53
Q

diffusion

A
  • the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the red blood cells
54
Q

perfusion

A

the distribution of red blood cells to and from the pulmonary capillaries

55
Q

hyoxemia

A
  • low levels of artial oxygen
56
Q

chemoreceptors for oxygen are located

A
  • carotid artery
  • aorta
57
Q

what is the normal tidal volume

A

500 ml

58
Q

whta is tidal volume

A

normal relaxed breathing

59
Q

eupena

A

the normal rate of depth and breathing

60
Q

factors influencing character of respiration

A
  • exercise
  • acute pain
  • anxiety
  • smoking
  • body positioning
  • medications
  • neurological injury
  • hemoglobin function
61
Q

assessment of venation

A
  • respiratory rate
  • rhythm
  • depth
62
Q

Bradypnea

A
  • rate of breathing that is regular but abnormally slow
  • under 12 breaths per minute
63
Q

Tachypnea

A
  • rate of breathing that is regular but abnormally rapid
  • above 20 breaths per minute
64
Q

Hyperpnea

A
  • respirations are laboured, increased in depth, and increased in rate
  • occurs normally due to excersize
65
Q

Apnea

A
  • respirations cease for several seconds then resume
  • can result in respitory arrest
66
Q

Hyperventilation

A
  • rate and depth of respirations increase
  • hypocardia may occur
67
Q

Hypoventalation

A
  • respiration rate is abnormally low, and depth of ventalation my be depressed
  • hypercardia may occur
68
Q

Chenyne-Strokes respirations

A
  • respirations and depth are irregular
  • characterized by alternating periods of apnea and hyperventilation
69
Q

Kussmaul

A
  • respirations are abnormally deep, regular and increased in rate
70
Q

Biots respirations

A
  • respirations are abnormally shallow for two or three breaths, followed by periods of apnea
71
Q

blood pressure

A

force exerted on the walls of the artery by pulsing blood under pressure from the heart

72
Q

Systolic

A

peak of maximum pressure when ejection occurs

73
Q

Diastolic

A
  • ventricles relax
  • minimum pressure excreted against the arterial walls at any time
74
Q

pulse pressure

A

differnece between systolic and diastolic pressure

75
Q

hematocrit

A
  • percentage of red blood cells in the blood
76
Q

Factors influencing blood pressure

A
  • age
  • stress
  • gender
  • daily variation
  • medications
  • activity and weight
  • smoking
77
Q

after puberty which gender tends to have a higher blood pressure

A

male

78
Q

white coat hypertension

A

blood pressure is elevelavted during doctors visits

79
Q

masked hypertension

A
  • blood pressure reading is normal while the patient is with the health care provider, but elevated at home
80
Q

hypotension

A

systolic blood pressure is below 90

81
Q

orthostatic hypotension is also refered to as

A

postural hyoptension

82
Q

normotensive person

A

person with normal blood pressure

83
Q

orthostatic hypotension

A

normotensive person developed symptoms of low blood pressure when rising to an upright position

84
Q

blood pressure is measured using a

A

sphygomamometer

85
Q

ultrasonic stepthoscore can be used when

A

weakend artrial pulse

86
Q

auscultatory gap

A
  • temporary disapperance of sound
87
Q

dyspena

A

difficultly breathing

88
Q

orthopnea

A

requiring certain body positions for comfortable breathing

89
Q

sleep apnea

A

breathing stops, and start up agian, several times during sleep

90
Q

hypoxia

A

not enough oxygen in the blood

91
Q

cyanosis

A

objective evidence of decreased oxygen in the blood
- body turns blue

92
Q

pain assesment letters

A

O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V

93
Q

what does the O stand for in pain assesment

A

onset / orgin

94
Q

what does the P stand fron in pain asssesment

A

pallition / provocation

95
Q

what does the Q stand for in pain assesment

A

quality

96
Q

what does the R stand for in pain assesment

A

Region

97
Q

what does the S stand for in pain assessment

A

severity

98
Q

what does the T stand for in pain assesment

A

Timing / treatment

99
Q

what does the U stand for in pain assesmnet

A

understanding

100
Q

what does the V stand for in pain assement

A

Value

NURS175 (12 decks)

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