Vital Signs and Pain Assessment Flashcards
1
Q
indicate the effectiveness of the circulatory, respiratory, neural, and endocrine body functions
A
vital signs
2
Q
what is refered to as the 5th vital sign
A
pain
3
Q
a change in vital signs indicates a change in
A
phisiological function
4
Q
what is the acceptable reading temperature range for a healthy adult
A
36- 38`
5
Q
what is the acceptable reading oral/tympanic/temporal range for an adult
A
37
6
Q
what is the acceptable reading rectal temp range for an adult
A
37.5
7
Q
what is the acceptable reading axillary temperature range for an adult
A
36.5
8
Q
what is the acceptable reading pulse for an adult
A
60-100 BPM
9
Q
what is the acceptable reading respirations for an adult
A
12-20 BPM
10
Q
What is the acceptable reading systolic blood pressure for an adult
A
120-139 mmHg
11
Q
what si the acceptable reading dialstolic blood pressure for an adult
A
80-89 mmHg
12
Q
what is the acceptable reading for pulse pressure for an adult
A
30 -50 mm Hg
13
Q
acceptable reading for oxygen saturation for an adult
A
95-100
14
Q
bodys core tempurature is
A
constant
15
Q
core temperature
A
temperature of structures deep within the body
16
Q
sites of measurement of core temperature
A
- rectum
- tympanic membrane
- temporal artery
- esophagus
- pulmonary artery
- urinary bladder
- nasopharynx
17
Q
sites of measurement of surface tempurature
A
- skin
- mount
- axillae
18
Q
thermoregulation
A
the balance between heat lost a heat produced
19
Q
what controls body tempurature
A
hypothalmus
20
Q
what accounts for the heat produced by the body at absolute rest
A
basal metabolism
21
Q
the average basal membrane rate depends on
A
bodys surface area
22
Q
what effects BMR
A
thryroid hormones
23
Q
shivering
A
bodys involuntary responce to temperature differences in the body
24
Q
Nonshivering thermogensis occurs mainly in
A
newborns
25
radiation
transfer of heat from the surface of one object to the surface of anothers without the direct contact between the two
26
Conduction
transfer of heat from one object to another through direct contact
27
convection
is the transfer of heat away from the body by air movement
28
Evaporation
transfer of heat energy when a liquid is changed to a gas
29
Diaphoriesis
- is visable perpiration
- occurs primarly on the forehead and upper throat
30
Skin in tempurature regulation
regulates through:
- insulation of the body
- vasoconstriction
- tempurature sensation
31
a persons ability to control temperature depends on:
- the degree of temp extreme
- ability to sense feeling confortable/uncomfortable
- thought process or emotion
- mobility
32
Factors affecting body tempurature
- age
- exercise
- hormone level
- circadian rhythm
- stress
- enviorment
- tempurature alterations
33
a fever is medically known as
pyrexia
34
when the fever breaks the person becomes
afebrile
35
when a fever occurs a fever is known as
febrile
36
hyperthermia
body tempurature that is elevated as a result of the bodys inability to promote heat loss or reduce heat production
37
malignant hypertherima
- life threatining disorder of the skeletal muscles in people with a pharmacogenetic predesposition
- causes muscle contractions and sever hypermetabolic crisis
38
heatstorke is caused by
prolonged exposure to sun or high enviormental tempuratures
39
Heat exhastion
- occurs when profuse diaphroesis results in excessive water and electrolyte loss
40
Hypotherima
heat loss during prolonged exposure to cold overwhelms the bodys ability to produce heat
41
mild hypotherimia tempurature range
34-36
42
moderate hyotherimia tempurature range
30-34
43
sever hypotherimia temp range
below 30
44
antipyretics
medications that reduce fever
45
cardiac output
the output of blood pumped by the heat during 1 minute
46
What are the characteristics of a pulse
- rate
- rhythm
- strenght
- equlaity
47
Tachycardia
- fast heart rate
- more than 100 BPM in adults
48
Bradycardia
- slow heart rate
- less than 60 BPM in adults
49
slow heart rate could occur from what medication
b blockers
50
pulse deficit
an inefficient contraction of the heart that fails to transmit a pulse to the peripheral sites
51
dysrhythmia
- abnormal rhythm
- an interval interuppted by an early or late beat or missed beat
52
ventilation
- the movement of gases in and out of the lungs
53
diffusion
- the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the red blood cells
54
perfusion
the distribution of red blood cells to and from the pulmonary capillaries
55
hyoxemia
- low levels of artial oxygen
56
chemoreceptors for oxygen are located
- carotid artery
- aorta
57
what is the normal tidal volume
500 ml
58
whta is tidal volume
normal relaxed breathing
59
eupena
the normal rate of depth and breathing
60
factors influencing character of respiration
- exercise
- acute pain
- anxiety
- smoking
- body positioning
- medications
- neurological injury
- hemoglobin function
61
assessment of venation
- respiratory rate
- rhythm
- depth
62
Bradypnea
- rate of breathing that is regular but abnormally slow
- under 12 breaths per minute
63
Tachypnea
- rate of breathing that is regular but abnormally rapid
- above 20 breaths per minute
64
Hyperpnea
- respirations are laboured, increased in depth, and increased in rate
- occurs normally due to excersize
65
Apnea
- respirations cease for several seconds then resume
- can result in respitory arrest
66
Hyperventilation
- rate and depth of respirations increase
- hypocardia may occur
67
Hypoventalation
- respiration rate is abnormally low, and depth of ventalation my be depressed
- hypercardia may occur
68
Chenyne-Strokes respirations
- respirations and depth are irregular
- characterized by alternating periods of apnea and hyperventilation
69
Kussmaul
- respirations are abnormally deep, regular and increased in rate
70
Biots respirations
- respirations are abnormally shallow for two or three breaths, followed by periods of apnea
71
blood pressure
force exerted on the walls of the artery by pulsing blood under pressure from the heart
72
Systolic
peak of maximum pressure when ejection occurs
73
Diastolic
- ventricles relax
- minimum pressure excreted against the arterial walls at any time
74
pulse pressure
differnece between systolic and diastolic pressure
75
hematocrit
- percentage of red blood cells in the blood
76
Factors influencing blood pressure
- age
- stress
- gender
- daily variation
- medications
- activity and weight
- smoking
77
after puberty which gender tends to have a higher blood pressure
male
78
white coat hypertension
blood pressure is elevelavted during doctors visits
79
masked hypertension
- blood pressure reading is normal while the patient is with the health care provider, but elevated at home
80
hypotension
systolic blood pressure is below 90
81
orthostatic hypotension is also refered to as
postural hyoptension
82
normotensive person
person with normal blood pressure
83
orthostatic hypotension
normotensive person developed symptoms of low blood pressure when rising to an upright position
84
blood pressure is measured using a
sphygomamometer
85
ultrasonic stepthoscore can be used when
weakend artrial pulse
86
auscultatory gap
- temporary disapperance of sound
87
dyspena
difficultly breathing
88
orthopnea
requiring certain body positions for comfortable breathing
89
sleep apnea
breathing stops, and start up agian, several times during sleep
90
hypoxia
not enough oxygen in the blood
91
cyanosis
objective evidence of decreased oxygen in the blood
- body turns blue
92
pain assesment letters
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
93
what does the O stand for in pain assesment
onset / orgin
94
what does the P stand fron in pain asssesment
pallition / provocation
95
what does the Q stand for in pain assesment
quality
96
what does the R stand for in pain assesment
Region
97
what does the S stand for in pain assessment
severity
98
what does the T stand for in pain assesment
Timing / treatment
99
what does the U stand for in pain assesmnet
understanding
100
what does the V stand for in pain assement
Value
