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My Own Deck > Visual Impairment 8 Children And Working Aga Adults > Flashcards

Visual Impairment 8 Children And Working Aga Adults Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 point guidance found in the department of health for children with VI?

A

Over 4yrs- classified based on binocular correction vision

Under 3 years- congenital defects should be registered as SI if not already SSI

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2
Q

What are the common causes of childhood VI in UK?

A 
Cerebral visual pathway 
Ischaemiic encephalopathy
ON hypoplasia
ON atrophy 
Cat/aphakia 
Microphthalmia/Anophthalmia 
Ocular cutaneous albinism 
Glaucoma
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3
Q

What is threading cause if visual impairment in children?

A

Cortical visual impairment

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4
Q

What are the causes of cerebral visual impairment?

A

Encephalopathy
Periventricular leukomacia
Brain injury
Hydrocephalus

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5
Q

What are the associated neurological problems and ocular signs?

A

Epilepsy
Palsy
Hemiparesis
Hearing loss

Ocular:
Tropia
Nystagmus
Optic atrophy

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6
Q

With cerebral VI what would the patient be experiencing visually?

A

Poor VA
Field defects (Homo + inferior VF)
Poor fixation+ OM Probs
Normal pupil responses

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7
Q

What possible conditions can effect vision at birth to 12 months?

A

Congenital:
Cat
Glauc
Idiopathic nystagmus

High RE
Optic atrophy+ hypoplasia 
Primary hyperplastic vit
Retinoblastoma
Retinopathy of prematurity  
Macula coloboma
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8
Q

What are the signs of Optic nerve hypoplasia?

A

Bilateral
Grey disc with surrounding halo hypoplasia
Possible nystagmus/squint

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9
Q

What action cause optic atrophy?

A 
Idiopathic
Tumours 
Probs during pregnancy 
Meningitis 
Familial
Central Vision
Colour effected effected
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10
Q

What 2 types of albinism are there?

A

Oculocutaneous

Ocular albinism

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11
Q

What are the signs and sxs of albinism?

A

Reduced VA
Photophobia

Hz nystagmus
Myopic + astigmatic errors
Iris transillumination

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12
Q

Whar can cause ocular albinism?

A

Disturbance in the RPE

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13
Q

What sxs would be found in Lebers Long Amaurosis?

A 
Nystagmus 
Strab
Increase RE
Sluggish pupils 
Kerataconus
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14
Q

What conditions can be presented in childhood and continue with age?

A 
Stargardts disease
Best disease
Cone dystrophy 
Retinitis pigmentosa
Optic atrophy
X linked retinoschesis
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15
Q

What are the signs of stargardts disease?

A

Bilateral
Slight Central scotoma
Abnormal colour vision

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16
Q

What are the signs of best disease?

A 
Egg yolk appearance 
Bilateral 
Asymm 
Early signs 3-15 yrs
Visual probs- middle age
17
Q

What are the signs and sxs of cone dystrophy?

A 
Early 
Bilateral
Nystagmus 
BULLS EYE appearance 
RPE pigment changes
Patches of atrophy 
Central visual field loss
Blurred V
Photophobia 
Poor colour vision 
Central scotoma
18
Q

What signs are present in Retinitis pigmentosa?

A 
Attenuation of arterioles 
Changes to pigement retina 
Waxy disc
Bilateral 
Night vision probs
Progressive 
Late stage= Tunnel vision 
Onset= later ~36 yrs
19
Q

What 2 tests can be used to assess near in VI child?

A

Maclure test charts

Massachusetts VA test (alt test)

20
Q

What is a popular contrast sensitivity test for VI child?

A

Hiding heidi contrast test

…or could use Cardiff contrast test

21
Q

What test is vital to perform for a VI child?

A

Visual fields
<6yrs confrontation
>=6yrs=Goldmann VF or monocular estermann

22
Q

What colour vision tests can be used for a VO child?

A

PV- 16
Ishihara
City
HRR

23
Q

To manage a child with VI what would be appropriate to give to a preschool child?

A

No LVAs!!!

Consider Bifs if aphakic or stand mag

24
Q

What would he suitable for a child is above 7yrs?

A

E readers tablets or CCTV/EVES

25
Q

What would help a child with VI for glare and photophobia?

A

Photochromic
Fixed tint
Side shields
Baseball cap

26
Q

What support is there for the VI working?

A

Disability employment advisor (DSE)

27
Q

What is assess work?

A

A scheme to support disabled people

28
Q

How is the level of assistance determined?

A

Company size:
Employer pays £1000
Scheme pay 80% of cost threshold above £1000
Scheme pays 100% of cost £10,000- £42,000

29
Q

What are the top 4 conditionsthat causes blindness in working age adults?

A

Hereditary retinal disorders
Diabetic retinopathy/maculopathy
Optic atrophy
Glaucoma

30
Q

What can DEAs do?

A

Undertake employment assessment
Refer to work psychologist
Refer to specialist disabled work programmes

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