Visual Impairment 1- Introduction Flashcards
What is the definition of ‘Disorder’?
Condition or impact on anatomy structures
What is the term used to describe a px who is unable or has reduced ability to perform tasks?
Disability
What are examples of being handicapped?
Travelling
Social gatherings
Night driving
What tests would indicate if a px has an impairment?
Reduced VA
Color vision tests
Contrast sensitivity tests
Amsler grid (scotomas)
What is the current term to use for blind and partially blind
Blind- Severely Sight Impaired
Partially blind- Sight Impaired
Who is considered to be visually impaired?
Px c reduced vision even with best optical correction.
Visual performance on clinical tests are less than expected for pxs age
What is the criteria for SSI?
Group 1- <3/60 VA
Group 2- >3/60- 6/60 VA + VF contraction
Group 3- >6/60 VA + significant VF contraction (bitemp hemi + reduced inf field)
What is the criteria for SI?
Group 1- 3/60- 6/60 c Full fields
Group 2- 6/60- 6/24 VA + Mod VF contraction (sup path loss/ media opacity +aphakia)
Group 3- > 6/18 with marked VF defect (Homo hemianopia)
What are the 3 different routes in becoming certified/registered?
- CVI Certicate of visual impairment
- RVI Referral of vision impairment
- LVL Low vision leaflet
What details would be needed to certify a px?
- Disorder
- VA
- Fields
- Any difficulties
Who are the CVI copies given too?
- Px
- Local authority
- Pxs GP
- Hospital records
- Epidemiology
Which of the 3 lets the local authority know to assess the px?
RVI
Which HES staff members can refer the px to social services?
Hospital optometrists
Orthotist
Nursing staff
ECLO
Who are given RVI copies?
- Px
- Px GP
- Hospital records
- Social services
What is included in an RVI?
- Assoc conditions
- Daily life problems
- Urgency in referral
What does the National Assistance Act 1948 cover?
- Keep register
- Providing social work service/advice/ support
- Available facilities
- Providing facilities
What does the Care Act 2014 state?
Contact in 2 weeks if issued CVI
Rehab based on needs
Minor aids and adaption
£1000 FOC for px
Which countries are affected by visual impairment caused by cataracts?
South America/ Africa/ South asia ~50%
What are the 4 main causes of World wide visual impairment?
Cataracts
AMD
Glaucoma
Trachoma
Which countries are most effected by AMD causing visual impairment?
America/ Europe/ Australia 50%
Which condition globally causes visual impairment?
Glaucoma 9-18%
Where are the low vision services based in?
HES department Can be in community: - Welsh LV services - Local enhanced service - University eye clinic - Charities
What is the role of an optometrist in LV?
Detecting causes earlier
The use of LVL
Prescribing a LVA
There are multi disciplinary approaches to pxs with visual impairment. Who would be appropriate approach regarding VI pxs?
Local auth sensory needs team ECLO Optom/DO c LV diploma Mobility instructor Rehab officer Consultant ophthalmologist Social worker Teacher
