Vision Problems 2- Oculomotor

Question 1

What is strabismus

Answer 1

misalignment of the visual axies

Question 2

Paralytic (non-comitant) strabismus

Answer 2

characterized by the presence of variable angles of deviation in different fields of gaze.

• Adults
• Diplopia (double vision)
• No amblyopia (lazy eye)

Question 3

What is generally the cause of paralytic strabismus?

Answer 3

weakness of one of the extra-ocular muscles.

Question 4

Non-paralytic strabismus or comitant strabismus

Answer 4

• Children
• Angle of deviation remains constant in different fields of gaze
• No diplopia- brain suppresses one of the images
• Amblyopia
• no identifiable muscle weakness

Question 5

Tropia

Answer 5

Visible deviation always

Question 6

Phoria

Answer 6

visual deviation only when fusion is disrupted (covering one eye)

Question 7

Esotropia

Answer 7

crossed eyes

Question 8

Exotropia

Answer 8

outward eyes

Question 9

Hypertropia

Answer 9

upward eyes

Question 10

Hypotropia

Answer 10

downward eyes

Question 11

duction refers to

Answer 11

movement of one eye

Question 12

version refers to

Answer 12

movement of both eyes

Question 13

vergence

Answer 13

movement of both eyes in the same direction…like convergence where both move towards the nose

Question 14

Intorsion

Answer 14

Rotation of the 12 o’clock position of the cornea toward the nose

Question 15

What muscles control intorsion?

Answer 15

superior rectus and superior oblique

Question 16

Extorsion

Answer 16

rotation of the 12 o’clock position away from the nose….inferior rectus and inferior oblique

Question 17

superiors

Answer 17

intorsion

Question 18

Inferiors

Answer 18

extorsion

Question 19

Recti

Answer 19

aduction

Question 20

Oblique

Answer 20

abduction

Question 21

slide 28

Answer 21

just know how the different muscles are affecting eye movement at different gazes etc..

Question 22

Nystagmus

Answer 22

rhythmic, involuntary, to and from motion of the eyes. Motion may be horizontal, vertical, rotary, or combinations of directions

Question 23

Jerk nystagmus

Answer 23

generally seen in neurological disorders

Question 24

Pendular nystagmus

Answer 24

equal amplitude to and fro, usually seen in poor vision

Question 25

Binbocular diplopia

Answer 25

when the seeing of two images is relieved by closing eother eye. Generally the result of paresis of an EOM

Question 26

Monocular diplopia

Answer 26

goes away when the pt closes the affected eye but does not go away if they close the unaffected eye

Question 27

Monocular diplopia usually the result of

Answer 27

irregularities in the optical system of the eye

Question 28

CN III symptoms

Answer 28

• weakness of MR, SR, IR, IO
• Ptosis (weakened levator)
• Non-reactive pupil
• eye down and out
  THIS IS SERIOUS

Question 29

common cause of CN III palsy

Answer 29

Aneurysm at the junction of the post communicating and posterior cerebral

Question 30

Paralysis of CN III with normal pupilary responses

Answer 30

Usually a microvascular cause. Patients are generally elderly, have diabetes or hypertension.
May have mild pain at onset.
Recovery within 3-4 months spontaneous

Question 31

CN VI palsy

Answer 31

causes loss of abduction by the eye, the medial rectus then pulls the eye in causing esotropia

Question 32

Esotropia increases as the patient looks?

Answer 32

towards the side of the lesion…think about it. It makes sense

Question 33

CN IV palsy

Answer 33

Look at it