Kids Brain Tumors

Question 1

Most common pediatric solid tumor

Answer 1

brain tumor

Question 2

Brain tumor peaks

Answer 2

Early childhood and late adulthood

Question 3

INFRATENTORIAL tumors are most common in kids whereas SUPRATENTORIAL tumors are more common in adults

Answer 3

ok….

In the first year of life supratentorial tumors are more common

Question 4

High grade gliomas are …. in peds

Answer 4

Rare

Question 5

Most common childhod tumor

Answer 5

Astrocytoma (pilocytic)

Question 6

Astrocytoma often found where

Answer 6

posterior fosterior

Question 7

Unlike adults and older children, younger children have a relatively high occurence of tumors where

Answer 7

cerebellum and brain stem

Question 8

Neurofibromatosis 1 casues what tumor types

Answer 8

Optic Gliomas
Meningiomas
Ependymomas

Question 9

Neurofibromatosis II causes

Answer 9

Bilateral vestibular schwanomas

Question 10

Tuberous Sclerosis

Answer 10

Subependymal giant cell tumors

Question 11

Von Hippel Lindau

Answer 11

Hemangioblastomas

Question 12

Li Fraumeni syndrome

Answer 12

Multiple brain tumor types but commonly astrocytoma and medulloblastoma

Question 13

clinical manifestations of a supratentorial tumor

Answer 13

localizing findings
seizures
hemiparesis

Question 14

Midline tumor findings

Answer 14

Endocrinopathies (diabetes insipidus, growth disorders, decreased vision, visual field issues)

Question 15

Infratentorial tumors

Answer 15

signs of increased ICP due to compression of the fourth ventricle

Question 16

Brainstem tumors show

Answer 16

cranial nerve defect

Question 17

Hydrocephalus

Answer 17

associated with 80% of midline brain tumors due to obstruction of ventricular system

• initial symptoms are early morning intermittent headaches and nausea/vomitting
• most resolve after mass resection but 15% require shunt or ventriculostomy

Question 18

Intracranial Pressure triad

Answer 18

AM headaches, Nausea and vomitting, Lethargy

Other signs are bulging fontanelle, sundowning eyes

Question 19

Most common childhood tumor

Answer 19

Low Grade (Pilocytic) Astrocytoma

Low grades are grade I and II and are typically benign
grade III is anaplastic and
grade IV is GBM

Question 20

Low Grade Astrocytoma survival rate

Answer 20

• Good if total resection is achieved

Question 21

EOSINOPHILIC ROSENTHAL FIBERS

Answer 21

Juvenile Pilocytic astrocytoma

Question 22

Second most common type of peds tumor

Answer 22

medulloblastoma: arises in primitive nerve cells
- If formed in cerebrum it is a primitive neuroectodermal tumor
- Cerebellar : medulloblastoma

Question 23

Peak age of medulloblastoma

Answer 23

3-4 yrs

Question 24

Medulloblastoma is generally highly malignant, can compress the 4th ventricle

Answer 24

ok

Question 25

Homer Wright Rosettes?

Answer 25

Small blue cells seen in a circular patter surrounding a fibrilliar area…..Medulloblastoma

Question 26

Brainstem glioma prognosis

Answer 26

Prety much all fatal. surgery contraindicated, Just perform supportive care

Question 27

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma

Answer 27

• dismal prognosis
• median age is 7
• Corticospinal weakness and CN 6,7,8 deficits

Tumor will engulf the basilar artery on MRI

Question 28

Ependymoma

Answer 28

Arise from edendymal linings of ventricles….commonly 4th ventricle

Question 29

Perivascular psuedorossetes?

Answer 29

Edendymomas

Question 30

Try to avoid radiating the brain until what age

Answer 30

3yrs…axonal growth and synaptogenesis heavy in first three years

Rate of growth and dvelopment slows after age 6 so delaying until age 7 is even better

Question 31

Radiation effects

Answer 31

intellectual impairment, memory, cognitive