Viruses Pharm Flashcards
How long do Herpes Simplex outbreaks last. Why should we rx if it is self limiting
1st and recurrent
10-20 d initial outbreak, 5-10 d recurrences. Rx to shorten duration and lessen severity.
Also prophylaxis option for those with frequent outbreaks.
Herpes - Symptomatic Relief only
Topical anaesthetics only
* dyclonine
* benzocaine
* Magic Mouthwash (benadryl, lidocaine, Maalox)
diclonine is like a cyclone that creates a temporary “storm”, of numbess in the affected area
Herpes Simplex, infection is on Tx
- Acyclovir (all forms)&cheap
- Famciclovir
- Valacylovir
can also use one of these prophylactically once a day
Ophtalmic HSV Keratitis Rx
penciclovir q2h (terrible)
docosanol OTC
Herpes Simplex antiviral MoA, Metabolism, adverse rxns
Inhibits herpes viral DNA replication.
* valacyclovir and famciclovir are prodrugs. Become active in GI to be absorbed.
* metabolized in the liver
* No interact w/ CYP 450
* Renal excretion
* SE: MC are GI, HA, dizzy, malaise, arthralgia.
* Severe SE- Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia. can have neurologic but less common.
Herpes viral
Val the warrior from valhala. Fam is val famility.
Think soft before they go into valhalla and then they activate. Think warriors bleed (thormbocyto, leukopen), and get worn down from impacts (joint pain)
Think getting stabbed in the gut and someone clubbing your head with a mallet.
HSV infection thats resistant to acyclovir, how would you rx?
Foscarnet
MC for CMV in AIDS pts
BBW- seizure, renal impairment, causing toxicity, carcinogenic, hematologic
CMV infection in HIV patient
ganciclovir, valganciclovir
BBW of seizure, renal impairment, hematologic, carcinogenic.
gang, valgang = a group of stronger warriors to fight off the serious infection. BBW b/c they do dmg to everything around it
Primary OR Recurrent GENITAL infection
- oral acyclovir TID
- Valacyclovir
- Famciclovir
*initial episode treated 7-10 d within 48 to 72 h onset
* Recurrences treated 3 to 5 d within 24 h onset
“Acyclo” = a sick blow
Val the warrior + fam + sick blow
triple threat to the groin
Primary & Recurrent HSV ON THE FACE infection
- oral acyclovir TID
Valacyclovir
Famciclovir
*initial episode treated 7-10 d within 48 to 72 h onset
Recurrences treated 3 to 5 d within 24 h onset
Also: - Topical 1% hydrocortisone, 5% acyclovir cream, penciclovir
- OTC docosanol
“Acyclo” = a sick blow
Val the warrior + fam + sick blow (the triple threat)
Docosanol + Penciclovir = Dock is like an eye socket and Penciclovir- imagine a pen drawing a circle around the eye
Recurrent HSV prophylaxis
- acyclovir qd
- valacylovir qd
- famiciclovir qd
pick one of these. instead of BID or TID its just once a day for prophylactic use
Tx. for HSV Keratitis Ophthalmology only
- Topical trifluridine opthalmic drops
- Oral acyclovir
Try- Flurescent (similar to the test that diagnoses it)
And A sick blow to the eye (a black eye)
A black eye with flurescent
Disseminated/ Neonate HSV
IV acyclovir
Disseminated Herpes
A sick blow to the whole body and now they are in the hospital
HSV flareup/transmission Prevention
- C section for women with active genital lesions
- Sunscreen
- barrier methods during sexual activity
Don’t want to pass to the baby
Sunlight causes hsv flares
it can pass both skin to skin and through intimate contact
Herpes Zoster rx
- Acyclovir
- Valacylovir
- Famiciclovir
Treatment should be started within 72 hours of onset of sx
shingles is 72 hrs
Triple threat
Herpes Zoster eye infection (Ophthalmicus)
Medical Emergency!
Admit!
IV acyclovir and topical steroids
Shingles
KO + steroids
