Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HuntsClinMed1B > Bacteria > Flashcards

Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of pneumoniae (6)

A

Mycoplasma
Chlamydia
Actinomyces (aspiration type)
Porphhyromonas (aspiration type)
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Legionaires

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Spirochetes

A

Lyme (Borellia burgdorferri)
Syphillis (Trepona Pallidium)
Leptospira (Leptospirosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Atypical bacteria

A

Rickettsia infections (Rickettsia rickettsii)
Chlamydial infections (gonorrhoae, meningo)
Mycobacterium pneumoniae (walking)
Legionella sp. (Legionnaires disease)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

List of gram pos anaerobes

A

Actinomyces
Clostridia
Peptostreptococcus
Propionibacterium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Gram negative anaerobes

A

Bacteroides
Fusobacterium
Prevotella
Porphyromonas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What kind of infections does Actinomyces cause, what is its gram, and what type of bacteria

A

Head and neck Infections
Intra-abdominal Infections
Aspiration pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What kind of infections does Peptostreptococcus cause, what is its gram, and what type of bacteria

A

Oral Infections (dental abscesses)
Intra-abdominal Infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What kind of infections doesPropionibacterium cause, what is its gram, and what type of bacteria

A

Foreign body infections
Prosthetic device

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Clinical presentation of anaerobic infection

A

Abscess formation with tissue necrosis
Suppurative/purulent
Foul odor of pus or infected tissue
Site of infection typically near where anaerobic flora reside
Mouth, jaw and neck (from dental roots)
Abdomen/pelvis (from GI tract)
Lungs (from aspiration)
Often polymicrobial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Gram + anaerobic infections Diagnostic findings

A

CXR - Aspiration pneumonia
* Infiltrates with or without cavitation
* Lucency within infiltrates suggest necrotizing tissue
* Air fluid levels within circumscribed infiltrate = lung abscess

Abdominal/Pelvic CT - Intra-abdominal abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Gram pos anaerobic diagnosis - what do you order and what does it take to form a diagnosis

A

clinical suspicion, gram stain, culture (can take a week)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Gram positive anaerobic tx for oral/throat/neck

A

clindamycin, augmentin, unasyn

Cl - Au - SYn
or Cl - Au - Uni

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

gram positive anaerobic infections treatment for GI/pelvic abscess

A

Oral therapy: moxifloxacin

IV therapy: mod/severe infection.
ertapenem OR ceftriaxone + metronidazole

very severe: imipenem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Gram positive anaerobic treatment lungs - abscess

A

(must be able to penetrate lung parenchyma to get sample)
* Beta-lactam plus a beta-lactam inhibitor like **ampicillin-sulbactam (Unasyn) or
* Carbapenem **(imipenem or meropenem)
* Clindamycin (not 1st line) - only those w/ Beta-lactam allergy

Think breathing air. War causes death and foul dead bodies.
A unified Penem becomes clean.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Gram positive anaerobic infections lungs - aspiration

A

-Outpatient
Augmentin or doxycycline
Doug

-Inpatient
Beta-lactam plus a beta-lactam inhibitor
ampicillin-sulbactam (Unasyn) or
metronidazole plus either Amoxil or pen G
*Uni PMetro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Gram positive anaerobic prophylaxis - Dental procedures

A

Abscess prevention
In patients with joint implants:
PCN or amoxicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Dental and minor procedures for endocarditis prophylaxis

A

Amoxicillin

18
Q

Colorectal surgery prophylaxis

A
  • Metronidazole (Flagyl) PLUS 2 or 3 gen cephalosporin or Cipro
  • Carbapenems

Metro 2/3 C, Penem

19
Q

Name all clostridial organisms

A

C. perfringens, C. sepicum, C. tetani, C. botulinum, C difficile

20
Q

What kind of infections does C perfringens cause?

A

SSTI (cellulitis, myostitis), gas gangrene (clostrial myonecrosis), minor gastroenteritis, after any injury that devitilized tissue

so same as C. septicum, plus GI

21
Q

What kind of infections C. sepicum does cause?

A

SSTI
Gas gangrene

22
Q
A
23
Q

C. difficile

A

antibiotic associated colitis

23
Q

C. tetani infections

A

Tetanus infections

23
Q

where is clostriudiam found

A

soil

23
Q

C. botulinum infections

A

Botulism

23
Q

Clostridium SSTI diagnosis - what is special about them

A

They can grow in 6 hours in a culture

23
Q

Whats special about C. tetani diagnosis?

A

Cultures are not sensitive to it, so it can only be done on clinical suspicion.

23
Q

C. perfringes gastroentiteritis characteristics

A

found in feces, soil, air, water and produces an enterotoxin that can become ingested

23
Q

C. botulinum characteristics

A

Toxin producing bacteria with 8 different subtypes
-comes from contaminated food, home canned goods, commercial products
Direct injections
Through a wound

23
Q

formerly C difficile characteristics. what is its new name

A

Pseudomembraneous colitis
-soil, water, pets, humans
produces a toxin
humans can be asymptomatic carriers
due to overgrowth in colon from abx, or from an IC person who encounters it

23
Q

Clostridium Tetani characteristics

A

produces spores, found in soil, transmitted after injury via wound or burns
intravenous drug use.

-spre enters wound and travels to peripheral nerve endings causing muscle stimulation
-its permanent
-incubation period 5-30 days

23
Q

C. Botulinum Diagnosis

A

Toxin assay by the CDC laboratory
Culture - isolated organism on a stool, wound, or food source

think about it. Botox is commercialized. We are really good at culturing it. We inject it into people all the time. Its also in cans of food. So don’t mix this up with Tetanus - the thing that can’t be cultured.
They have to keep track of it because it could potentially be deadly. They have to monitor people who inject it. So, of course it has to be reported to the CDC for testing.

23
Q

What are the gram negative anaerobic infections?

A

Bacteriodes
Porphyromonas
Fusobacterium
Prevotella

23
Q

What infections does bacteriodes cause and what characteristics

A

intra abdominal infections
-part of normal bowel flora
-more virulent than others

24
Q

Porphyromonas infections

A

aspiration pneumonia and perioonitis

24
Q

fusobacterium infections and characteristics

A

wound, infections/abcesses
pulmonary and intracranial
-normal oral and large bowel flora

25
Q

prevotella infecitons and what characteristics

A

intra abdominal and SSTI
normal oral and large bowel flora

*you eat cheese and it goes into your mouth and GI (similar to pepsid

26
Q

gram negative anaerobic infections clinical presentation

A

Same as gram positive, all can lead to bacteremia
BUT shock is absent

27
Q

gram negative anaerobic infections diagnosis

A

Clinical suspicion, gram stain, and culture which can take a week

28
Q

Anaerobic negative infections treatment

A
  • Drainage and debridgement, fistula tract excision
  • Antibiotics based on site
    -Oral/throat/neck
  • clindamycin or metronidazole

-GI/Pelvic Abscess
* Extended spectrum PCNs
* pip/taz (Zosyn) or
* carbapenems or
* metronidazole (Flagyl) plus cephalosporin (ex. cefepime)

29
Q

Anaerobes responsible for BV

A

Gardnerella - most prevalent
Prevotella, Peptostreptococcus, Bacteroides
Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum (not anaerobes)

HuntsClinMed1B (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions