Viruses: norwalk, rota, adeno, astro Flashcards
Which virus is dsRNA
reo
What is needed to cleave the spike protein VP4 to expose a hydrophobic domain and allow entry of reo virus?
Intestinal trypsin
Wht does Reovirus bring into the cell in the virion?
The viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase is brought into the cell in the virion
Where does reovirus make the first shell encapsidating the 11 different mRNAs.
in a cytoplasmic inclusion
reovirus is transmitted how
fecal oral
Reo: What is the Seasonal peak: Pre-vaccine and Post-vaccine?
Pre-vaccine: November/April
Post-vaccine: no peak
rotavirus was the #1 cause of what? in what pop?
gastroenteritis hospitalizations in kids <5
What sx in rota virus? WHat pop shows sx? mwhich does not?
Fever, vomitting, diarrhea
Kids show most sx, adults very little if any
How long does shedding occur with rotavirus? and when in relation to sx?
11 days of shedding both before sx appear and after sx disappear
2 ways to dx rota infx
stool antigen test
RT-PCR of the stool
Diarrhea in rota virus: Pathogenesis of rota toxin
Infects enterocytes –> releases NSP4 toxin–> increased Ca++ levels –> chloride release –> secretory diarrhea.
Diarrhea in rota virus: non-toxigenic diarrhea mechanism
Infection of the enterocytes results in loss of the cells and blunting of the microvilli. This loss of brush border cells results in carbohydrate malabsorption and osmotic diarrhea.
what are the 2 types of diarrhea in rota
osmotic, secretory
What are the 2 viral proteins in rotavirus that elicit a neutralizing antibody response.
VP4, VP7
basic components of the two rota vaccines
Rota-Teq = pentavalent, bovine backbone with 5 strains and one human viral protein
Rotarix- human only, monovalent
Dosing schedule for each of 2 Rota vaccines
Rota-Teq: 2, 4, 6 months
Rotatrix: 2, 4 months
ROute of admin of rota vaccines
both oral
Efficacy of the rota vacciens (good at what? not so good at what?)
Very good at preventing serious disease, less good at preventing any disease.
rota vaccine: major complication
Major complication = intussuception
Norovirus seasonal peak
Peak in winter: November to April.
Norovirus: three main transmission routes:
person to person, food, and water.
Nororvirus = #1 cause of what in what pop?
gastroenteritis in kids <5.
unlike rotavirus, norovirus will cause disease in what ages?
All ages
Norovirus: Hospitalizations MC in what age?
deaths MC in what age?
Deaths MC in elderly
Hospitalization is highest in: <5 and >65
Which virus causes 82% (the majority) of all deaths due to acute gastroenteritis
Norovirus
Norovirus incubation? sx last how long?
Incubation: 12-48hrs, sx last 1-3 days
What is the most common sx with Norovirus? (more than with any other virus?
MC with Noro than any other virus
Norovirus: When Infectious?
when sx start and 2-3 days after they stop
The best diagnosis of Norovirus is?
RT-PCR.
Astrovirus mostly cause AGE in what pop? (Disease rarely occurs in what pop?)
MC in children < 3 years old.
adults rarely get sx
Clinical course for astrovirus
Incubation 3-5 days
Mild diarrhea (no blood) 2-3 days
Low fever
Vomiting
Which 2 adenoviruses cause diarrhea
40, 41
What age group gets adenovirus
< 3
Adenovirus: incubation time, sx last how long?
Incubation = 3-10 days
Last 8-12 days. (SUUUUUUPER long)
