Viruses: norwalk, rota, adeno, astro

Question 1

Which virus is dsRNA

Answer 1

reo

Question 2

What is needed to cleave the spike protein VP4 to expose a hydrophobic domain and allow entry of reo virus?

Answer 2

Intestinal trypsin

Question 3

Wht does Reovirus bring into the cell in the virion?

Answer 3

The viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase is brought into the cell in the virion

Question 4

Where does reovirus make the first shell encapsidating the 11 different mRNAs.

Answer 4

in a cytoplasmic inclusion

Question 5

reovirus is transmitted how

Answer 5

fecal oral

Question 6

Reo: What is the Seasonal peak: Pre-vaccine and Post-vaccine?

Answer 6

Pre-vaccine: November/April

Post-vaccine: no peak

Question 7

rotavirus was the #1 cause of what? in what pop?

Answer 7

gastroenteritis hospitalizations in kids <5

Question 8

What sx in rota virus? WHat pop shows sx? mwhich does not?

Answer 8

Fever, vomitting, diarrhea

Kids show most sx, adults very little if any

Question 9

How long does shedding occur with rotavirus? and when in relation to sx?

Answer 9

11 days of shedding both before sx appear and after sx disappear

Question 10

2 ways to dx rota infx

Answer 10

stool antigen test

RT-PCR of the stool

Question 11

Diarrhea in rota virus: Pathogenesis of rota toxin

Answer 11

Infects enterocytes –> releases NSP4 toxin–> increased Ca++ levels –> chloride release –> secretory diarrhea.

Question 12

Diarrhea in rota virus: non-toxigenic diarrhea mechanism

Answer 12

Infection of the enterocytes results in loss of the cells and blunting of the microvilli. This loss of brush border cells results in carbohydrate malabsorption and osmotic diarrhea.

Question 13

what are the 2 types of diarrhea in rota

Answer 13

osmotic, secretory

Question 14

What are the 2 viral proteins in rotavirus that elicit a neutralizing antibody response.

Answer 14

VP4, VP7

Question 15

basic components of the two rota vaccines

Answer 15

Rota-Teq = pentavalent, bovine backbone with 5 strains and one human viral protein
Rotarix- human only, monovalent

Question 16

Dosing schedule for each of 2 Rota vaccines

Answer 16

Rota-Teq: 2, 4, 6 months

Rotatrix: 2, 4 months

Question 17

ROute of admin of rota vaccines

Answer 17

both oral

Question 18

Efficacy of the rota vacciens (good at what? not so good at what?)

Answer 18

Very good at preventing serious disease, less good at preventing any disease.

Question 19

rota vaccine: major complication

Answer 19

Major complication = intussuception

Question 20

Norovirus seasonal peak

Answer 20

Peak in winter: November to April.

Question 21

Norovirus: three main transmission routes:

Answer 21

person to person, food, and water.

Question 22

Nororvirus = #1 cause of what in what pop?

Answer 22

gastroenteritis in kids <5.

Question 23

unlike rotavirus, norovirus will cause disease in what ages?

Answer 23

All ages

Question 24

Norovirus: Hospitalizations MC in what age?

deaths MC in what age?

Answer 24

Deaths MC in elderly

Hospitalization is highest in: <5 and >65

Question 25

Which virus causes 82% (the majority) of all deaths due to acute gastroenteritis

Answer 25

Norovirus

Question 26

Norovirus incubation? sx last how long?

Answer 26

Incubation: 12-48hrs, sx last 1-3 days

Question 27

What is the most common sx with Norovirus? (more than with any other virus?

Answer 27

MC with Noro than any other virus

Question 28

Norovirus: When Infectious?

Answer 28

when sx start and 2-3 days after they stop

Question 29

The best diagnosis of Norovirus is?

Answer 29

RT-PCR.

Question 30

Astrovirus mostly cause AGE in what pop? (Disease rarely occurs in what pop?)

Answer 30

MC in children < 3 years old.

adults rarely get sx

Question 31

Clinical course for astrovirus

Answer 31

Incubation 3-5 days
Mild diarrhea (no blood) 2-3 days
Low fever
Vomiting

Question 32

Which 2 adenoviruses cause diarrhea

Answer 32

40, 41

Question 33

What age group gets adenovirus

Answer 33

< 3

Question 34

Adenovirus: incubation time, sx last how long?

Answer 34

Incubation = 3-10 days

Last 8-12 days. (SUUUUUUPER long)