Viruses, Bacteria, and Protists Flashcards
What kingdom does bacteria belong to?
prokaryotic (archaebacteria, eubacteria)
What kingdom does protists belong to?
eukaryotic (protista)
What kingdom does viruses belong to?
none, nonliving
What are reasons that viruses may be living?
have DNA and RNA (genetic material), can reproduce/metabolize, adapt
What are reasons that viruses may be nonliving?
can’t reproduce on own (require host cell), has DNA or RNA but not both
Lytic infection cycle
rapid onset; rapid recovery; host cell DNA and viral DNA do not mix, makes many copies
Lysogenic infection cycle
slow onset; slow recovery; viral DNA inserts into host DNA (do mix), infections cells will always have viral genes
How can you tell the difference between a bacteria cell, a plant cell, and an animal cell?
Bacteria Cell- no membrane bound organelles, capsule
Plant Cell- chloroplast and cell wall, nucleus, membrane bound organelles
Animal Cell- no cell wall, cell membrane only (all cells have cell membrane)
Arrangements that are possible for bacteria to be found in.
Staphylo- clumps/clusters
Strepto- chain
Diplo- pairs
Shapes that are possible for bacteria to be found in.
Coccus- sphere/circle
Bacillus- rectangle, short rod
Spirilla- like an s; spiral
Why did we heat fix the bacteria when preparing the slide?
to kill the bacteria, so they wouldn’t be moving, easier to see and look at. And so they attach to the slide.
Why are antibiotics not used against viruses? What is used to prevent viruses?
Viruses are surrounded by a protective protein coating; they don’t have cell walls that can be attacked by antibiotics like bacteria does.
Vaccines are used, a small amount is inserted into you, enough to give you immunity but not enough to make you sick.
