Viruses and their multiplicatoin Flashcards
Bacteriophage
a virus that infects bacterial
cells
Caspid
the protein shell that surrounds the
genome of a virus particle
Capsomere
the subunit of a virus capsid
early protein
two or more linear nucleic acid
molecules joined covalently in tandem
enveloped
a protein synthesized soon
after virus infection and before replication
of the virus genome
late protein
a protein, typically a structural
protein, synthesized late in virus infection
lysogen
a bacterium containing a prophage
lysogeny
a state in which the viral genome is
replicated in step with the genome of
the host
lytic pathway
the type of virus infection
that leads to virus replication and
destruction of the host cell
middle protein
a protein with either a
structural or catalytic function synthesized
after the early proteins in a virus infection
nucleocapsid
the complex of nucleic acid
and capsid (shell) proteins of a virus
plaque
a zone of lysis or growth inhibition
caused by virus infection of a bacterial lawn
or other culture of sensitive host cells
prophage
the lysogenic form of a
bacteriophage
provirus
the genome of a temperate or latent
animal virus when it is replicating in step
with the host chromosome
retrovirus
a virus whose RNA genome is
replicated via a DNA intermediate
reverse transcriptase
the retroviral enzyme
that can produce DNA from an RNA template
rolling circle replication
a DNA
replication mechanism in which one strand
is nicked and unrolled for use as a template
to synthesize a complementary strand
temperate virus
a virus whose genome can
replicate along with that of its host without
causing cell death, in a state called lysogeny
(bacterial viruses) or latency (animal
viruses)
titer
the number of infectious virions per
volume of fluid in a viral suspension
virion
the infectious virus particle; the viral
genome surrounded by a protein coat and
sometimes other layers
virulent virus
a virus that lyses or kills the
host cell after infection
virus
a genetic element containing either
RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein
capsid and that replicates only inside
host cells
antigenic drift
a minor change in influenza
virus antigens due to gene mutation
antigenic shift
a major change in influenza
virus antigen due to gene reassortment
