Viruses and their multiplicatoin

Question 1

Bacteriophage

Answer 1

a virus that infects bacterial
cells

Question 2

Caspid

Answer 2

the protein shell that surrounds the
genome of a virus particle

Question 3

Capsomere

Answer 3

the subunit of a virus capsid

Question 4

early protein

Answer 4

two or more linear nucleic acid
molecules joined covalently in tandem

Question 5

enveloped

Answer 5

a protein synthesized soon
after virus infection and before replication
of the virus genome

Question 6

late protein

Answer 6

a protein, typically a structural
protein, synthesized late in virus infection

Question 7

lysogen

Answer 7

a bacterium containing a prophage

Question 8

lysogeny

Answer 8

a state in which the viral genome is
replicated in step with the genome of
the host

Question 9

lytic pathway

Answer 9

the type of virus infection
that leads to virus replication and
destruction of the host cell

Question 10

middle protein

Answer 10

a protein with either a
structural or catalytic function synthesized
after the early proteins in a virus infection

Question 11

nucleocapsid

Answer 11

the complex of nucleic acid
and capsid (shell) proteins of a virus

Question 12

plaque

Answer 12

a zone of lysis or growth inhibition
caused by virus infection of a bacterial lawn
or other culture of sensitive host cells

Question 13

prophage

Answer 13

the lysogenic form of a
bacteriophage

Question 14

provirus

Answer 14

the genome of a temperate or latent
animal virus when it is replicating in step
with the host chromosome

Question 15

retrovirus

Answer 15

a virus whose RNA genome is
replicated via a DNA intermediate

Question 16

reverse transcriptase

Answer 16

the retroviral enzyme
that can produce DNA from an RNA template

Question 17

rolling circle replication

Answer 17

a DNA
replication mechanism in which one strand
is nicked and unrolled for use as a template
to synthesize a complementary strand

Question 18

temperate virus

Answer 18

a virus whose genome can
replicate along with that of its host without
causing cell death, in a state called lysogeny
(bacterial viruses) or latency (animal
viruses)

Question 19

titer

Answer 19

the number of infectious virions per
volume of fluid in a viral suspension

Question 20

virion

Answer 20

the infectious virus particle; the viral
genome surrounded by a protein coat and
sometimes other layers

Question 21

virulent virus

Answer 21

a virus that lyses or kills the
host cell after infection

Question 22

virus

Answer 22

a genetic element containing either
RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein
capsid and that replicates only inside
host cells

Question 23

antigenic drift

Answer 23

a minor change in influenza
virus antigens due to gene mutation

Question 24

antigenic shift

Answer 24

a major change in influenza
virus antigen due to gene reassortment