Viruses Flashcards
1
Q
Protein coat in viruses are called
A
Capsid
2
Q
All ________ viruses are enveloped
A
Helical
3
Q
_______ viruses can be enveloped or naked
A
Icosahedral
4
Q
Viral protein for attachment to host cell receptors
A
Surface proteins
5
Q
Viral protein for interaction between nucleocapsid and envelope
A
Matrix protein
6
Q
Viral envelopes are lipid lembrsnes derived from?
A
The host cell
7
Q
Process where the viral envelope is acquired as the virus exits from the cell
A
Budding
8
Q
All enveloped viruses acquire their envelope from plasma membrane except
A
Herpes virus
Nuclear membrane
9
Q
Naked viruses
Naked CPR and PAPP smear
A
Calici
Picorna
Reo
Parvo
Adeno
Papilloma
Polyoma
10
Q
The interstital space between the nucleocapsid and the envelope is called
A
Tegument (matrix)
11
Q
All viruses are haploid except for
A
Retroviruses
12
Q
RNA viruses that have segmented genome
BOAR
A
Bunya
Orthomyxo
Arena
Reo
13
Q
Negative strand RNA viruses must transcribe negative strand to positive through
A
RNA dependent polymerase
14
Q
Negative strand RNA virus
Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication
A
Arena Bunya Paramyxo Ortho Filo Rhabdo
15
Q
Example of paramyxovirus
A
Parainfluenza
RSV
measles
Mumps
16
Q
Example of orthomyxovirus
A
Influenza
17
Q
Example of filovirus
A
Ebola
18
Q
Example of Reovirus
A
Rotavirus
19
Q
Examples of Picornavirus
A
Polio
Coxsackie
Rhino
Hepatitis A
20
Q
Example of Calicivirus
A
Norwalk
Hepatitis E
21
Q
Characteristics of viral genetics that causes epidemics
A
Genomic reassortment
22
Q
Outcome of viral infection:
Causes visual or functional change in infected cells
A
Cytopathic effect
23
Q
Infected cells that appear normal but are producing large numbers of progeny virus
A
Commensal symbiosis
24
Q
Virulence factor that reduce the expression of antigen presenting crlls and inactivate complement
A
Virokines
25
The gold standard in viral diagnosis
Presence of viral DNA or RNA
26
First vaccine to prevent a human cancer
HBV
27
Most common sites of viral infection and disease
Oropharynx and respiratory tract
28
DNA viruses
HHAPPPPy viruses
```
Hepadna
Herpes
Adeno
Pox
Parvo
Polyoma
Papilloma
```
29
All DNA viruses have double stranded DNA except
Parvovirus
30
All DNA viruses have linear DNA except
Papilloma
Polyoma
Hepadna
31
All DNA virus are icosahedral except
Poxvirus (brick shaped)
32
All DNA virus replicate in the nucleus except
Poxvirus
33
Naked DNA viruses
Human papilloma
Parvo
Adeno
34
Slapped cheek
Fever
Coryza
Sore throat
Disease and causative agent?
Erythema infectiosum
| Parvovirus B19
35
Can cause aplastic crisis
Hydrops fetalis
Arthritis
Pancytopenia in immunodeficient patients
Parvovirus B19
36
The only virus with fiber
Adenovirus
37
Adenovirus' fiber is called
Penton fiber
38
Conjunctivitis
Bronchitis
AGE
Hemorrhagic cystitis
Has Cowdry type B intranuclear inclusions
Adenovirus
39
Infects squamous cells and induce formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles
Transmission by direct contact or sexual
HPV
40
HPV genes E6 and E7 can cause inactivation of which tumor suppressor genes
E6- p53
| E7- Rb
41
Most common viral STI
HPV 6 and 11
42
HPV 16 and 18 can cause carcinoma of?
Cervix
Penis
Anus
43
This virus can cause progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in patients with AIDS
JC Polyoma virus
44
This virus can cause hemorrhagic cystitis and nephropathy in solid organ and bone marrow transplantation
BK Polyoma virus
45
Virus that causes Kaposi sarcoma
HHV-8
46
Pathogenesis is a vesicle filled with virus particles and cell debris
HSV
47
Site of latency inHSV 1 infections
Trigeminal ganglia
48
Site of latency in HSV2 infections
Lumbosacral ganglia
49
HSV intranuclear inclusions are called
Cowdry Type A
50
Diagnosis of HSV can be through recognizing this type of cell
Multinucleated giant cells on Tzanck smear
51
What test is done to detect HSV
Tzanck smear
52
Drug of choice for HSV infection
Acyclovir
53
Incubation period of Varicelld
14-21 days
54
Dewdrop on a rose petal appearance
Varicella
55
Complication of varicella
Reye syndrome
56
Varicella spectrum where there is involvement of geniculate ganglion which causes facial nerve paralysis
Ramsay Hunt syndrome
57
Cytomegalovirus is cultured in
Shell tubes
58
CMV has _____ heterophil test
Negative or Positive?
Negativeg
59
Also called herpes zoster oticus
Ramsay hunt syndrome
60
Histology of owl's eye nuclear inclusions is seen in this viral infection
CMV
61
Most common infectious cause of congenital abnormalities
CMV
62
Viral infection that can manifest ss microcephaly, seizures, deafness, jaundice and purpura
Especially when mother is infected in the 1st trimester
CMV
63
CMV can cause birth defects especially when mother is infected in what trimester?
1st trimester
64
Cam manifest as blueberry muffin purpura
CMV
Rubella
Disseminated neuroblastoma
65
Most common cause of blindness in immunocompromised patients
CMV retinitis
66
DOC for CMV
Gancyclovir
67
Transmission of EBV is through
Saliva
68
Infectious mononucleosis primarily affects this type of cell
B lymphocytes
69
Rare complication of EBV
Splenic rupture
70
EBV can cause this infection in the oral cavity in immunocompromised patients
Oral hairy leukoplakia
71
Oncogenicity of EBV can cause what types of cancer
Burkitt lymphoma- african
| Nasopharyngeal carcinoma-chinese
72
Malignancy of the vascular endothelial cells with dark purple skin lesions and no definitive treatment
Kaposi sarcoma
73
Molluscum contagiosum belongs to what family of viruses?
Poxviridae
74
Histology: eosinophilic inclusions that can be seen in smallpox
Guarnieri bodies
75
Pinkish papular lesions with an UMBILICATED center transmitted by direct contact
Molluscum Contagiosum
76
This intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions can be seen in Molluscum contagiosium
Henderson Peterson bodies
77
Treatment for molluscum contagiosum
Cifodovir
78
Only DNA virus that produced DNA by reverse transcription with mRNA as template
Hepa B
79
Cells that destroy infected hepatocytes in HBV
CD8 T cells
80
This surface antigen in HBV precedes the onset of symptoms and elevation of liver enzymes
HBsAg
81
Most specific marker for diagnosis of acute HBV infection
IgM anti HBcAg
Present during window period
82
Incubation period of HBV
10-12 weeks
83
Condition Associated with autoimmune vasculitides
Polyarteritis nodosa
84
Treatment for HBV
A and B
Interferon a
| BLamivudine- lamivudine
85
Reverse transcriptase funtions as a
RNA dependent DNA polymerase
mRNA as template
86
All RNA viruses have single stranded DNA except
Reo
| Rota
87
All RNA virus replicate in the cytoplasm except
Influenza and Retro
88
Viruses belonging to Picornaviridae family
Pico CHERPed after eating corn
```
Coxsackie
Hepa A
Echovirus
Rhinovirus
Poliovirus
```
89
Naked RNA viruses (Khaleesi)
```
Picornavirus
Calicivirus
Astrovirus
Reo
Rota
```
Napikon (picorn) si Calici kaya tinawag niya si ASTROboy para patumbahin ang twins na si Reo and Rota
90
Transmission of poliovirus
Oral-fecal
91
Poliovirus replicates in
Motor neurons of ANTERIOR HORN of spinal cord
92
Most common clinical form of Poliovirus infection
Abortive Poliomyelitis
93
Most debilitating form of poliovirus infection
Paralytic poliomyelitis
94
Poliovirus intranuclear inclusion bodies are called
Cowdry type B
95
Most common cause of Aseptic meningitis
Coxsackie virus
96
Most common viral cause of myocarditis and pericarditis
Coxsackie virus
97
Cause of herpangina and hand foot and mouth disease
Coxsackie virus
98
Previously called orphan virus
Echovirus
Enteric Cytopathic Human Orphan
99
Cause of common colds
Rhinovirus
Rhino has a runny nose
100
Acid labile virus transmitted by droplets and has more than 100 serotypes
Rhinovirus
101
Most common cause of nonbacterial diarrhea in adults
Norwalk virus
102
Viral infection that can cause sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea with fever and abdominal pain
Norwalk virus
103
Most common viral cause of childhood diarrhea
Rotavirus
Right out the anus
104
Negative sense enveloped RNA virus
Hindi (negative) maayos ang FILes ni Rhabdo nag MYX MYX na kaya nilagay niya sa envelope
Filoviridae
Rhabdoviridae
Paramyxovirus
Orthomyxovirus
105
Major antigens of influenza virus
Hemagglutinin
| Neuramidase
106
Target of neutralizing antibody in influenza virus
Hemagglutinin
107
Animal viruses cause epidemics among humans due to
Antigenic shift
108
Influenza B is only a human virus that undergoes antigenic ____
Antigenic drift
109
Antigenic shifts can cause ______ and antigenic drifts can cause _______
Pandemic
| Epidemic
110
DOC for influenza
Oseltamivir
111
Paramyxovirus that has both hemagglutinin and neuramidase
Mumps
| Parainfluenza
112
Paramyxovirus that has no hemagglutinin and neuramidase
RSV
113
Envelope spikes that enhances access to respiratory tract
Neuraminidase
114
Multinucleated giant cells in measles are called
Warthin- Finkeldey bodies
115
Cardinal manifestations of measles
Cough
Coryza
Conjunctivitis
Koplik spots
116
Complication of measles (CNS)
SSPE
| Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis or Damson disease
117
This can be given to measles to reduce severity
Vitamin A
118
Incubation period of measles
10-14 days
119
Incubation period of mumps
18-21 days
120
Spectrum of disease in mumps virus
As big as POM poms
Parotitis
Orchitis
Meningitis
121
Envelope spikes in RSV are called
Fusion proteins
122
Laryngotracheobronchitis
Sing to the tune of Wannabe
```
Steeple sign on xray
Parainfluenza virus
Subglottic stenosis
Give racemic epinephrine
Inspiratory stridor cough and hoarseness
```
123
Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
Sing to the tune of High School Musical
High school Vusical
Acyclovir's the drug of choice
Transvaginal and sexual saliva or direct
High School Vesicles
Trigeminal, lumbosacral
Multinucleated giants cells, Tzanck smear
Cowdry type A bodieesssss
124
Most important cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants
RSV
125
Treatment for RSV
RBV 😉
| Ribavirin
126
Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies found in rabies infection
Negri bodies
127
Diagnostic for rabies
Occurrence of rabies antibodies in the CSF
Fluorescent antibody test
128
Optimal sample for definitive post mortem diagnosis
Brain
129
Post exposure prophylaxis for category 2 rabies infection
Vaccine only
130
Post exposure prophylaxis for category 3 rabies infection
Vaccine and immunoglobulin
131
Nibbling
Minor scratches without bleeding
What category of rabies infection?
Category II
132
Single or multiple transdermal bites
Contamination of mucous membranes
Exposure to bat bites
What category of rabies infection?
Category III
133
Reservoir of coronavirus
Horseshoe bat
134
Intermediate host of coronavirus
Civet cat
135
Incubation period of SARS
2-10 days
136
Positive sense enveloped RNA virus
Kapatid ni Calici na nakadamit si Flavi
Ggraduate na si Flavi kaya positive vibes. Nag aantay na ang kanyang toga at corona na ibibigay ng kanyang ama na si Retro
Flavivirus
Coronavirus
Togavirus
Retrovirus
137
Influenza like syndrome with maculopapular rash and severe pain in muscles and joints in Dengue virus
Breakbone fever
138
Included in flavivirus family
Flavi ay reyna ng West Nile, color scheme ay yellow with lots of Vitamin C para sa lamok
West nile
Yellow fever
Hepatitis C
Dengue
139
Most prevalent blood borne pathogen
Hepatitis C
140
Hepatitis type common in IV drug users
Hepatits C
141
Most common indication for liver transplant is due to infection with
Hepatitis C
142
Autoimmune blisters upon exposure to sunlight during Hepatitis C infection
Porphyria Cutanea Tarda
143
Hepatitis C is also the main cause of this disease
Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia
144
Treatment of ACUTE hepatitis C
Interferon
145
Treatment of CHRONIC hepatitis C
Ribavirin
| Peg interferon
146
Member of togaviridae
Rubella
147
Associated abnormalities in congenital rubella syndrome
5 Bs
```
Bulag (cataract)
Bingi (sensorineural deafness)
Bobo (mental retardation)
Butas puso (PDA)
Blueberry muffin baby
```
148
Attachment protein of HIV that attaches to the CD4 receptor
gp120
149
Major capsid protein of HIV
p24
150
Directs entry of DNA provirus into the nucleus and is essential for virus assembly
p17
151
Fusion protein of HIV
gp41
152
Group specific antigen used as serologic marker for infection of HIV
p24
153
Gene in proviral genome of HIV that contains the matrix and nucleocapsid
Gag (house)
154
Gene in proviral genome of HIV that contains enzymes
Swimming (pol)
155
This enzyme transcribes RNA into DNA
Reverse transcriptase
156
This protein found in pol cleaves precursor polypeptides
Protease
157
This protein integrates viral DNA into host cell DNA
Integrase
158
This gene has gp120 and gp41
env
159
Envelope glycoproteins
```
gp 120 (attachment)
gp41 (fusion)
```
160
Most immunogenic region of gp120
V3 loop
161
Gene for transport of late mRNA to cytoplasm
rev
Toyota revo
162
Gene for activation of transcription of viral genes
Tat
163
P jiroveci infection occurs when CD4 count is less than
200
164
Kaposi sarcoma occurs in CD4 counts less than
500
165
M. avium and CMV retinitis occurs in CD4 count less than
50
166
Histoplasmosis happens during CD4 count of less than
50
167
Toxoplasmosis happens in CD4 counts of
Less than 200
168
Viral infection that can have thalamic infarcts on CT scan
Japanese B encephalitis
