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Gram Negative Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Lactose fermenter

Green sheen

A

E. coli

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2
Q

Lactose fermenter
Urease positive
ESBL

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

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3
Q

Comma shaped
Motile
Oxidase positive

A

Vibrio cholerae

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4
Q

Comma shaped
Microaerophilic
Skirrows agar

A

Campylobacter jejuni

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5
Q

Comma shaped

Urease positive

A

H. pylori

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6
Q

Non lactose fermenting
Motile
Oxisase negative
H2S producer

A

Salmonella

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7
Q

Non lactose fermenter
Non motile
Oxidase negative
H2S non producer

A

Shigella

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8
Q 
Non lactose fermenter 
Swarming
Oxidase negative
H2S producer
Urease positive
A

Proteus mirabilis

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9
Q

Non lactose fermenter
Oxidase positive
H2S non producer
Obligate aerobe

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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10
Q

Selective media for gram negative bacteria

A

EMB or MacConkey agar

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11
Q

Lactose fermenters

CKEE

LaCtose is KEE. Grow in MacConKEE agar

A

Citrobacter
Klebsiella
E coli
Enterobacter

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12
Q

This enterotoxin in E coli causes bloody diarrhea

A

Verotoxin (Shiga-like)

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13
Q

E coli typing is by the

A

O and H antigens

O- lipopolysaccharide
H- flagellum

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14
Q

Enterobacteriaceae organisms

MESSY SPECK

A 
Morganella
Escherichia
Shigella
Salmonella
Yersinia
Serratia
Proteus
Enterobacter
Citrobacter
Klebsiella
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15
Q

Most common cause of community acquired/ hospital UTI

A

Escherichia coli

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16
Q

2nd most common cause of Neonatal meningitis

A

Escherichia coli

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17
Q

Causes of neonatal meningitis

BEL

A

B group streptococci
Escherichia coli
Listeria monocytogenes

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18
Q

E.coli strain that causes watery diarrhea

A

ETEC

Enterotoxigenic

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19
Q

E coli strain that causes prolonged watery diarrhea in infants and in developing countries

A

EPEC

Enteropathogenic

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20
Q

E coli strain that causes bloody diarrhea and HUS

A

EHEC

Enterohemorrhagic

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21
Q

E coli strain that causes bloody diarrhea without HUS

A

EIEC

Enteroinvasive

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22
Q

Symptoms of HUS

A

Hemolysis
Uremia
Thrombocytopenia

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23
Q

E coli strain that causes persistent watery diarrhea in HIV patients

A

EAEC

Enteroadherent

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24
Q

Treatment for E coli UTI

A

Ampicillin

Sulfonamides

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25
Treatment for E coli meningitis
3rd generation cephalosporins
26
To which serotype does EHEC belong?
E coli O157: H7
27
Toxin mediated mechanism for EHEC
Inhibition of 60s ribosomal subunit that causes decreased protein sysnthesis in gastrointestinal cells
28
Gram negative diplococci encapsulated, ferments GLUCOSE AND MALTOSE Kidney bean shaped oxidase positive
Neisseria MeninGitidis
29
Gram negative diplococci, ferments GLUCOSE ONLY
Neisseria gonorrhea
30
Most common cause of meningitis among 2-18 years old
N meningitidis
31
Most severe form of meningococcrmia where there is widespread purpura, high fever, shock, DIC and adrenal insufficiency
Waterhouse -Friderichsen syndrome
32
Treatment of meningococcemia
Penicillin G
33
Chemoprophylaxis for meningococcemia
Rifampin
34
Vaccine for meningococcemia include what strains
A C Y W135
35
Thayer Martin agar contains which antibiotics?
Vancomycin Colistin Nystatin
36
Usual coinfection of Neisseria gonorrhea
Chlamydia trachomatis
37
Most common cause of urethritis and PID
N. gonorrhea
38
Complication of PID where there is perihepatitis with violin string adhesions
Fitz Hugh Curtid syndrome
39
Most common cause of septic arthritis in sexually active adults
N. gonorrhea
40
Most common cause of septic arthritis in general
Staphylococcus
41
Treatment of N. gonorrhea
Ceftriaxone and doxycycline due to frequent co infection with chlamydia
42
This bacteria produces satellite phenomenon around S.aureus colonies
H influenzae
43
Hib infections affects children 6mos -1 year old due to
Decline in maternal IgG and immature immune system
44
Most common cause of epiglottitis
H influenza b
45
Epiglottitis on xray
Thumb sign
46
Treatment of epiglottitis
Ceftriaxone
47
Toxin that causes whooping cough in pertussis that damages ciliated cells
Tracheal cytotoxin
48
Stage in pertussis where the start of whoops occur and with vomiting, 2-4 weeks into the illness
Paroxysmal stage
49
Treatment of pertussis
Erythromycin
50
Facultative intracellular bacteria
``` Some Bugs May Live FacultativeLY Salmonella Brucella Mycobacteria Legionella Francisella Listeria Yersinia ```
51
Sole virulence factor of Legionella
Endotoxin
52
Treatment for legionella
Azith or erythromycin
53
Test to detect antibodies to salmonella in patient's serum
Widal test
54
Salmonella typhi has a predilection for invasion of what organ
Gallbladder
55
Typhoid fever is caused by the presence of ______ in salmonella
Vi (virulence) capsular antigen
56
Salmonella typhi multiplies in the
Peyers patches
57
Culture sources for salmonella typhi
BUS Week 1- blood Week 2- urine Week 3- stool
58
Treatment for salmonella
Cipro | Philippines: amox chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole
59
Facultative gram negative rods that produce H2S
Salmonella spp
60
Shigella transmission
4 F | Food fingers feces flies
61
Shigella preferentially invades this part of the intestines
Distal ileum and colon
62
Most common cause of bacillary dysentery
Shigella sonnei (Duval bacillus)
63
Most severe form of bacillary dysentery | Most common cause of epidemic dysentery
Shigella dysenteriae type 1 | Shiga bacillus
64
Shigella dysentery frequently resolves in
2-3 days
65
Shigella is treated with ____ in severe cases
Ciprofloxacin
66
Gram negative comma shaped rods with shooting star motility TCBS agar
Vibrio spp
67
Gram negative bacteria that can be acquired through eating contaminated seafood or sea water
Vibrio parahaemolyticus and vulnificus
68
Rice water stools Massive dehydration Washerwoman hands
Cholera
69
Treatment of cholera
Tetracycline
70
Treatment of vibrio parahaemolyticus or vulnificus
Minocycline
71
Microaerophilic comma shaped gram negative rods Oxidase and catalase positive Grows 42C on Skirrows agar
Campylobacter jejuni
72
Most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis
Campylobacter jejuni
73
Campylobacter jejuni commonly damages this part of the colon and may mimic what disease
Jejunum | Ulcerative colitis
74
Campylobacter jejuni may also be associated with these diseases
GBS | Reiters syndrome
75
Triad of Reiter syndrome
Cant pee Cant see Cant climb a tree Urethritis Uveitis Arthritis
76
Treatment of campylobacter jejuni
Symptomatic | Erythromycin for severe cases
77
Microaerophilic gram negative comma shaped rods, urease positive that neutralizes stomach acid
Helicobacter pylori
78
Urease positive bacteria
Particular Kinds Have Urease Proteus Klebsiella H pylori Ureaplasma urealyticum
79
Facultative gram negative rods with large polysaccharide capsule Urease positive
Klebsiella pneumonia
80
Most common cause of pneumonia in alcoholics
Klebsiella
81
Characteristic sputum of Klebsiella pneumonia
Currant jelly
82
Facultative gram negative rods non lactose fermenting urease positive Swarming motility
Proteus mirabilis
83
Proteus infection has urease that predisposes the formation of
Struvite stones | And staghorn calculi
84
Struvite stones are composed of
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate
85
Treatment of proteus mirabilis infection
TMP SMX | ampicillin/ quinoles
86
Obligate aerobe gram negative rod with sweet grape like odor
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
87
Hot tub folliculitis is caused by
Pseudomonas
88
Most common cause of malignant otitis media in diabetics
Pseudomonas
89
3rd most common cause of nosocomial UTI
Pseudomonas
90
Burn wound infection Ecthyma gangrenosum Febrile neutropenia Shanghai fever
Pseudomonas
91
Possible combinations of antibiotics for pseudomonas
Ceftazidime and amik Piperacillin and amik Rifampicin for refractory cases
92
Anaerobic gram negative rods Predominant anaerobe of human colon Spreads during bowel trauma or surgery Can cause abdominal abscess
Bacteroides fragilis
93
Treatment for bacteroides fragilis
Metro

Micro (6 decks)

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