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NB 1 MICROBIOLOGY > Viruses > Flashcards

Viruses Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Capsomere

A

subunit of the protein coat (capsid) of a virus

Viral envelope = trilamina lipid membrane

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2
Q

Viroid

A

ssRNA

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3
Q

Virus

A

classified by DNA or RNA…contains one or the other - NEVER both!!

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4
Q

Virion

A

Complete viral particle

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5
Q

How are viruses most commonly transmitted?

A

Respiratory system

There are exceptions!

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6
Q

How are Arboviruses / Arthropod borne viruses transmitted?

A

Mosquitoes

Encephalitis, Yellow Fever, Dengue

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7
Q

How are AIDS transmitted?

A

Sexually, IV drugs

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8
Q

How is Polio transmitted?

A

Oral / Fecal

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9
Q

How are Rabies transmitted?

A

Bite from infected animal

Hydrophobia, NEgri Bodies, Difficulty swallowing

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10
Q

How are Warts transmitted?

A

Skin contact

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11
Q

How is Hepatitis transmitted? !!!

A

Depends on type:

Hep A = oral / fecal (self limiting, not carrier)
Hep B = sex, IV drugs
Hep C = transfusions, tatooing

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12
Q

Herpes Simplex

A

Type 1: Fever blisters (cold sores)…“Gasserion” Ganglion = Trigeminal N. (CN V)

Type 2: Genital Herpes “Below the Belt”

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13
Q

Herpes Zoster

A

Shingles in adults
Dont cross midline
Follows Dermatome

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14
Q

Molluscum contagiosum

A

pink cauliflower lesion on female genitalia

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15
Q

Papovavirus

A

Warts

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16
Q

Rubella !!!

A

German measles AKA 3 Day Measles

Congenital Rubella Syndrome: limb malformation (1st trimester)

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17
Q

Rubeola !!!

A

Red Measles = “Ruby Red”

Koplik spots

3 C’s: Cough, coryza, conjunctivitis

18
Q

Vaccinia !

A

Cow Pox

19
Q

Varicella !

A

Chicken pox

Maculopapularvesicular Rash

20
Q

Variola !

A

Small Pox = Guarneri Bodies

21
Q

Coxsackie !

A

Childhood dysentery = Hand, Foot, Mouth disease

22
Q

Echovirus

A

Enteric + skin rash + heart disease

23
Q

Hantavirus

A

Enteric, spread by Rodents / Chipmunks

24
Q

Polio

A

Enteric, spread by oral / fecal contamination

Bulbar respiratory paralysis (brainstem)

25
Q

Adenovirus

A

Respiratory, conjuncitivitis

26
Q

Influenza !!!

A

Has ANTIGENIC SHIFT / DRIFT = why flu vaccines are never 100% correct….mutation

27
Q

RSV !

A

Croup + bronchiolitis

28
Q

Mumps !

A

Parotiditis – motor disease of CN 7 (Bells Palsy)

Oophritis or Orchitis

29
Q

CMV

A

spread via bodily fluids

30
Q

Rabies !!

A

“Bullet” shaped unter electron microscope

RNA, rhabdo virus

Negri bodies in brain, hydrophobia

31
Q

AIDS

A

Caused by Retro virus (HIV) = reverse transcriptase: RNA –> DNA

32
Q

Pneumocystitis carinii

A 
#1 fungal infection in AIDS 
#1 Cause of death in AIDS (infection --> pneumonia --> death)
33
Q

Toxoplasmosis

A

1 parasitic infections in AIDS

34
Q

Kaposi Sarcoma

A

1 death by cancer in AIDS

35
Q

In hepatitis, which type are carriers for life? !

A

Hep B, C, D

36
Q

In hepatitis, which types can lead to sequelae? !

A

Hep B, C, D – Liver Cancer

37
Q

In hepatitis, which types contain RNA vs DNA? !!!

A

B = DNA ….. RNA for all others

38
Q

Hep B is endemic in what country?

A

China

39
Q

What is Hepatitis D? !

A

Co-infection with Hep B

aka “Dane” particle

Only replicates in presence of Hep B

40
Q

What are the types of Arboviruses?

A

Group A
All equine encephalitis diseases & those spread by mosquitoes Ex: West Nile Virus

Group B
Yellow Fever
Vector: Aedes agypti mosquito – Viscerotropic Virus (liver)
Dengue Fever !!!
Develop breakbone fever or bone crusher disease

41
Q

Major Arboviruses !

A
  1. Eastern Equine Encephalitis = WEST NILE
  2. Western Equine Encephalitis
  3. St. Louis Encephalitis
  4. Yellow Fever
  5. Dengue Fever

** All spread by Mosquitoes **

NB 1 MICROBIOLOGY (17 decks)

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