Viruses

Question 1

Capsomere

Answer 1

subunit of the protein coat (capsid) of a virus

Viral envelope = trilamina lipid membrane

Question 2

Viroid

Answer 2

ssRNA

Question 3

Virus

Answer 3

classified by DNA or RNA…contains one or the other - NEVER both!!

Question 4

Virion

Answer 4

Complete viral particle

Question 5

How are viruses most commonly transmitted?

Answer 5

Respiratory system

There are exceptions!

Question 6

How are Arboviruses / Arthropod borne viruses transmitted?

Answer 6

Mosquitoes

Encephalitis, Yellow Fever, Dengue

Question 7

How are AIDS transmitted?

Answer 7

Sexually, IV drugs

Question 8

How is Polio transmitted?

Answer 8

Oral / Fecal

Question 9

How are Rabies transmitted?

Answer 9

Bite from infected animal

Hydrophobia, NEgri Bodies, Difficulty swallowing

Question 10

How are Warts transmitted?

Answer 10

Skin contact

Question 11

How is Hepatitis transmitted? !!!

Answer 11

Depends on type:

Hep A = oral / fecal (self limiting, not carrier)
Hep B = sex, IV drugs
Hep C = transfusions, tatooing

Question 12

Herpes Simplex

Answer 12

Type 1: Fever blisters (cold sores)…“Gasserion” Ganglion = Trigeminal N. (CN V)

Type 2: Genital Herpes “Below the Belt”

Question 13

Herpes Zoster

Answer 13

Shingles in adults
Dont cross midline
Follows Dermatome

Question 14

Molluscum contagiosum

Answer 14

pink cauliflower lesion on female genitalia

Question 15

Papovavirus

Answer 15

Warts

Question 16

Rubella !!!

Answer 16

German measles AKA 3 Day Measles

Congenital Rubella Syndrome: limb malformation (1st trimester)

Question 17

Rubeola !!!

Answer 17

Red Measles = “Ruby Red”

Koplik spots

3 C’s: Cough, coryza, conjunctivitis

Question 18

Vaccinia !

Answer 18

Cow Pox

Question 19

Varicella !

Answer 19

Chicken pox

Maculopapularvesicular Rash

Question 20

Variola !

Answer 20

Small Pox = Guarneri Bodies

Question 21

Coxsackie !

Answer 21

Childhood dysentery = Hand, Foot, Mouth disease

Question 22

Echovirus

Answer 22

Enteric + skin rash + heart disease

Question 23

Hantavirus

Answer 23

Enteric, spread by Rodents / Chipmunks

Question 24

Polio

Answer 24

Enteric, spread by oral / fecal contamination

Bulbar respiratory paralysis (brainstem)

Question 25

Adenovirus

Answer 25

Respiratory, conjuncitivitis

Question 26

Influenza !!!

Answer 26

Has ANTIGENIC SHIFT / DRIFT = why flu vaccines are never 100% correct....mutation

Question 27

RSV !

Answer 27

Croup + bronchiolitis

Question 28

Mumps !

Answer 28

Parotiditis -- motor disease of CN 7 (Bells Palsy) | Oophritis or Orchitis

Question 29

CMV

Answer 29

spread via bodily fluids

Question 30

Rabies !!

Answer 30

"Bullet" shaped unter electron microscope RNA, rhabdo virus Negri bodies in brain, hydrophobia

Question 31

AIDS

Answer 31

Caused by Retro virus (HIV) = reverse transcriptase: RNA --> DNA

Question 32

Pneumocystitis carinii

Answer 32

``` #1 fungal infection in AIDS #1 Cause of death in AIDS (infection --> pneumonia --> death) ```

Question 33

Toxoplasmosis

Answer 33

#1 parasitic infections in AIDS

Question 34

Kaposi Sarcoma

Answer 34

#1 death by cancer in AIDS

Question 35

In hepatitis, which type are carriers for life? !

Answer 35

Hep B, C, D

Question 36

In hepatitis, which types can lead to sequelae? !

Answer 36

Hep B, C, D -- Liver Cancer

Question 37

In hepatitis, which types contain RNA vs DNA? !!!

Answer 37

B = DNA ..... RNA for all others

Question 38

Hep B is endemic in what country?

Answer 38

China

Question 39

What is Hepatitis D? !

Answer 39

Co-infection with Hep B aka "Dane" particle Only replicates in presence of Hep B

Question 40

What are the types of Arboviruses?

Answer 40

Group A All equine encephalitis diseases & those spread by mosquitoes Ex: West Nile Virus Group B Yellow Fever Vector: Aedes agypti mosquito -- Viscerotropic Virus (liver) Dengue Fever !!! Develop breakbone fever or bone crusher disease

Question 41

Major Arboviruses !

Answer 41

1. Eastern Equine Encephalitis = WEST NILE 2. Western Equine Encephalitis 3. St. Louis Encephalitis 4. Yellow Fever 5. Dengue Fever ** All spread by Mosquitoes **