viruses Flashcards
Acyclovir
stops replication of herpesviruses by interfering with viral DNA polymerase
Fuzeon
stops entry of HIV into cells
HAART
highly active anti-retroviral therapy, stops HIV replication
Tamiflucose
stops budding and release of influenza viruses from host cell
acute infection
short, where virus is replicates and produces many virons, most cells are killed
latent infection
virus persist in host cells, but doesn’t replicate (herpes virus)
Chronic infection
longer, where virus replicates without causing host cell lysis, ex: hep C
Chickenpox
acute- fever, itchy, rash
latent- doesn’t happen until triggered by external factors, then becomes shingles
Zoster is a reactivation of latent infection, begins as a local skin eruption close to dorsal root ganglia, has rash and pain
Varicella zoster virus (HHV-3), chickenpox and shingles
spread by airborne and direct routes, vesicles in both are infectious, incubation period of 14 days, can be transmitted during incubation period
Complication of chickenpox
main is post hepetic neuralgia infection
-CNS like meningitis, bacterial infection
treatment of chickenpox and shingles
antivirals such as acyclovir and analogus
oncogenic viruses
cancer cells, wart virus- benign. Cancer virus can be DNA or RNA
Burkitt’s lymphoma
herpesvirus, EBV
how are viral infections diagnosed?
cell cultures- it’s labor intensive and low
Fluorescent antibody stain- easy and virus turns green
difference between chickenpox and smallpox
chickenpox lesions are in different stages
smallpox are same stage of development
prions
misfolded protein disease, cause dysfunction. Ex include Scrapies, kuru, Mad cow disease
DNA dependent DNA polymerase
where host is DNA virus, to make more virus DNA, happens in nucleus
RNA dependent RNA polymerase
where virus carry its own polymerase enzyme to produce mRNA, happens in cytoplasm and carried by virus
RNA dependent DNA polymerase
integrated viral DNA transcribed by host cell polymerase to make more virus mRNA
