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ID S.Nance > Virus Classification > Flashcards

Virus Classification Flashcards

1
Q

Obligate intracellular organism

A

– requires a host cell to replicate

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2
Q

Icosahedral

A

-capsomers make up a multi-sided shape

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3
Q

Helical

A

– capsomers make up a coiled ribbon

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4
Q

Complex

A

– small poxvirus

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5
Q

Naked

A

– more environmentally stable (temp, acid, enzymes), survive in gut, spread by hands, fomites, droplets

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6
Q

Enveloped

A

– more environmentally unstable, must stay wet, spread via large droplets, organ transplants, blood products

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7
Q

Envelope

A

– lipid bilayer acquired by budding through membranes of host cells, contain viral glycoproteins (spikes)

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8
Q

Glycoproteins

A

– contained in lipid envelope, involved in viral attachment to cellular receptors → GP 120 of HIV

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9
Q

Non-structural proteins

A

– derived from viral genome but not incorporated into the viron structure, target of therapy (NS3 of HCV)

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10
Q

Receptor-mediated fusion

A

– virus binds to cell receptor → cell membrane and viral membrane fuse → nucleocapsid is released

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11
Q

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

A

– entire virus is endocytosed into a vesicle → release of nucleocapsid

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12
Q

Uncoating at the cell surface

A

– bind to cell receptor → viral genome only is threaded through membrane pore

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13
Q

RNA

A

– RNA transcriptase to replicate in the cytoplasm, except orthomyxoviruses use part of the nucleus

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14
Q

DNA

A

– DNA-directed RNA polymerase to replicate in the nucleus, except the poxviruses (has its own RNA polymerase)

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15
Q

Retrovirus

A

– both cytoplasm and nucleus using reverse transcriptase, to integrate into the host genome

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16
Q

Assembly/Maturation

A

– can occur in different compartments of the cell

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17
Q

Enveloped

A

– bud through nuclear membrane, ER, or cellular membrane to acquire envelope

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18
Q

Classification of viruses:

A

Order (virales) → family (viridae) → subfamily (virinae) → genus (virus) → species

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19
Q

DNA Viruses: HHAPPPy

A 
Hepadna
Herpes
Adeno
Parvo
Papova
Pox
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20
Q

Parvo

A

–smallest, ssDNA, B19

Diseases – Fifth disease, aplastic crisis, spontaneous abortions, hydrops fetalis

21
Q

Adeno

A

– linear dsDNA

Diseases – acute respiratory, pharyngitis, gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis

22
Q

Papova

A

– papilloma, polyoma, vacuolating, circular dsDNA

Ex: JC and BK viruses, SV-40

23
Q

Naked: PAP smear, all icosahedral, nuclear replication

A

Parvo, Adeno, Papova

24
Q

DNA Viruses

Enveloped:

A

-icosahedral and nuclear, pox = complex, cytoplasm

25
Q

DNA Viruses

Naked: PAP smear, all icosahedral, nuclear replication

A

Parvo
Adeno
Papova

26
Q

DNA Viruses

Enveloped: icosahedral and nuclear, pox = complex, cytoplasm

A

Hepadna
Herpes
Pox

27
Q

RNA Viruses:

Negative Strand:

A

Negative Strand: carry RNA polymerase to convert into + strand RNA → proteins

28
Q

RNA Viruses:

Mneumonic – Bunnies myxed with rhabies are thought to fight in delta arenas

A 
Bunya
Paramyxo
Orthomyxo
Rhabdo
Filo
dsRNA Reoviruses
Arena
29
Q

RNA Viruses: Naked – cytoplasm replication

A

Filo

Reoviruses

30
Q

RNA Viruses

Enveloped – helical RNA, cytoplasm

A 
Rhabdo
Paramyxo
Orthomyxo 
Arena
Bunya
31
Q

Ambisense genome

A

– viral RNA and complementary RNA code for protein, ex: Bunya and Arena

32
Q

Filo

A

– filamentous, ssRNA, Ebola and Marburg viruses

33
Q

Reoviruses

A

– respiratory enteric orphan virus - double capsid, dsRNA, Rotaviruses

34
Q

Rhabdo

A

– bullet-shaped, Rabies virus

35
Q

Paramyxo

A

– pleomorphic, ssRNA, cause fusion of cells (syncytia), RSV, measles, mumps, parainfluenza

36
Q

Orthomyxo

A

– 8 ssRNA with each w/ its own nucleocapsid, cytoplasm and nucleus, influenza viruses

37
Q

Arena

A

– 2 ssRNA, host ribosomes, rodent vectors

38
Q

Bunya

A

– 3 ssRNA, insect vectors

39
Q

Positive Strand RNA:

A

acts like mRNA, polyprotein cleaved into smaller pieces, + strands copied from - strand

40
Q

RNA Positive Strand:

Mneumonic: A retro toga party with flavorful pico de gallo and coronas

A 
Retro 
Toga 
Flavi 
Picorna 
Corona
41
Q

RNA Positive Strand: Naked - icosahedral

A

Calici

Picorna

42
Q

RNA Positive Strand Enveloped

A

Flavi
Toga
Corona
Retro

43
Q

Flavi

A

– icosahedral, ssRNA, ARBOvirus (arthropod vector), ex: yellow, fever, West Nile, Dengue, HCV

44
Q

Toga

A

– icosahedral, ssRNA, ex: Arbovirus, alphaviruses

45
Q

Corona

A

– ssRNA, largest RNA genome, ex: URTI, common cold

46
Q

Retro

A

– 2 ssRNA, reverse transcriptase, integrate DNA into host genome, nucleus and cytoplasm replication, oncornavirus (HTLV-1) and Lenitiviruses (HIV)

47
Q

Calici

A

–ssRNA, Norwalk virus

48
Q

Picorna

A

– small, ssRNA, Entero (Polio, Coxsackie, Echo, Hep A) and Rhinoviruses (common cold)

ID S.Nance (20 decks)

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