Virus and Bacteria

Question 1

What are the ideal growth conditions of Bacteria?

Answer 1

Water and moist environment,
temperature close to 37°C,
pH close to 7,
Oxygen present,
Availability of nutrients,
Not easily removed.

Question 2

What is the difference between a bacteria cell and a human cell?

Answer 2

Bacteria are Prokaryotic, which means they do not have a membrane bound nucleus, and do not have membrane bound organelles

Question 3

What is a Gram Positive bacteria?

Answer 3

A bacteria with a thick peptidoglycan layer covering the cell,
No outer lipid membrane

Question 4

What is a Gram Negative bacteria?

Answer 4

A bacteria with a thin peptidoglycan layer covering the cell,
Has an outer lipid layer covering the cell. - Allows the cell to be protected from antibiotics and lysozyme.

Question 5

What is an Endospore?

Answer 5

Some gram positive bacteria develop tough coating to protect during high stress- such as freezing, burning, exposure.
Autoclaving eliminates Endospores.

Question 6

What is a Biofilm?

Answer 6

Coordinated functional community of bacteria, protects from antibiotics and desiccation.
Provides the bacteria with nutrition and waste excretion.

Question 7

What is the structure of a Virus?

Answer 7

DNA or RNA in a protein coat, no membrane, no organelle.
Unable to metabolise on its own.
Protein spikes allow the virus to attach to a host cell.

Question 8

How does a virus reproduce?

Answer 8

Multiplication by hijacking the host cells and dividing cells.

Question 9

What are the FOUR types of infection?

Answer 9

Acute lytic,
Sub-clinical,
Latent,
Chronic