Virtualization and cloud computing

Question 1

SaaS

(Internet)

Answer 1

Software as a service (or SaaS)

What to look out for
- Customer utilizes software and vendor manages everything
- is a way of delivering applications over the Internet as a service.
- Instead of installing and maintaining software, you access it via the Internet, freeing yourself from complex software and hardware management.
- allows users to connect to and use cloud-based apps over the Internet. Common examples are email, calendaring, and office tools
- SaaS provides a complete software solution that you purchase on a pay-as-you-go basis from a cloud service provider.

Benefits
It allows a company to pay a monthly or yearly fee to receive access to the software without managing the software locally within their own network.

Examples
iCloud, Shopify, G suite, Office 365, or Adobe Creative cloud

Question 2

PaaS

Answer 2

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

What to look out for
- The Customer manages actual application and data. Vendor manages everything else
- is a cloud computing service that enables consumers to rent fully configured systems that are set up for specific purposes.
- is a complete development and deployment environment in the cloud, with resources that enable you to deliver everything from simple cloud-based apps to sophisticated, cloud-enabled enterprise applications.

Question 3

IaaS

Answer 3

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
What to look out for
- is an instant computing infrastructure, provisioned, and managed over the internet.
- is a cloud computing service that enables a consumer to outsource computing equipment purchases and running their own data center.
- offers essential compute, storage, and networking resources on-demand, on a pay-as-you-go basis
- helps you avoid the expense and complexity of buying and managing your physical servers and other data center infrastructure.
- Each resource is offered as a separate service component, and you only need to rent a particular one for as long as you need it.
- A cloud computing service provider manages the infrastructure while you purchase, install, configure, and manage your software.

Examples

Question 4

DaaS

Answer 4

Desktop as a Service (DaaS)
What to look out for
- is a cloud computing offering where a service provider delivers virtual desktops to end-users over the Internet, licensed with a per-user subscription. DaaS is often combined with Virtual Desktop Infrastructure.
- This is also known as VDI (Virtualized Desktop Infrastructure) and is coming in large enterprise businesses focused on increasing their security and minimizing their operational expenses.

Examples

Question 5

How to prevent VM from communicating with host but you want them to communicate with each other

Answer 5

What to look out for
- The private network connection type will create a switch that is usable only by the VMs.
- The VMs cannot use the switch to communicate with the host.

Question 6

Rogue VM

Answer 6

What to look out for
- has been installed without authorization
-

Question 7

VM sprawl

Answer 7

What to look out for
- The uncontrolled deployment of more and more VMs
-

Question 8

Resource pooling

Answer 8

What to look out for
- the concept that allows a virtual environment to allocate memory and processing capacity for a VMs use

Question 9

Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP)

Answer 9

What to look out for
- the processing of programs by multiple processors that share a common operating system and memory.
- Traditional workstation and servers have multiple processors

Question 10

virtual network interface card (vNIC)

Answer 10

What to look out for
- the configuration of a VM connected to a network.
- A VM can be configured to have multiple vNICs.

Question 11

What are the two main things you need to include for a dedicated virtualization workstation

Answer 11

(1) maximum RAM and
(2) multiple CPU cores

The CPU should support virtualization and be a multicore processor. The memory should be fast and contain at least 16 GB of RAM to host numerous VMs effectively.

Question 12

Hypervisor

Answer 12

What to look out for
- Creates and runs virtual machines (VMs)
- allows one host computer to support multiple guest VMs by virtually sharing its resources, like memory and processing
- To create and provision virtual machines within the Windows 2019 operating system, you can use a Type II hypervisor like VMWare or VirtualBox.

Question 13

Device Manager

Answer 13

What to look out for
- a component of the Microsoft Windows operating system that allows users to view and control the hardware attached to the computer

Question 14

Remote Desktop Services

Answer 14

Also known as Terminal Services (Windows Server 2008 and earlier)

What to look out for
- is one of the components of Microsoft Windows that allow a user to take control of a remote computer or virtual machine over a network connection.

Question 15

one drive

Answer 15

What to lookout for
- Microsoft product that comes as part of the Office 365 subscription package.
- OneDrive can utilize the storage that is easy to access from a laptop, smartphone, or tablet while the employees are away from their offices.

Question 16

virtual machine

Answer 16

What to look out for
- can usually be restored much faster than a physical serve (Less downtime)
- have their own virtual internal network to communicate within the virtual environment while preventing them from communicating with the outside world
- Ensure that each virtual machine runs its own copy of an operating
system
- Server-based (Terminal services)
o Server-based solution that runs the application on servers
in a centralized location
- Client-based (Application streaming)
o Client-based solution that allows an application to be
packaged up and streamed directly to a user’s PC

Question 17

Cross-platform virtualization

Answer 17

▪ Allows for the testing and running of software applications for different
operating systems
● Emulation
o System imitation
● Virtualization
o New “physical” machine

Question 18

Virtualization

Answer 18

Host computer installed with a hypervisor that can be used to install and
manage multiple guest operating systems or virtual machines (VMs)

Question 19

Containerization

Answer 19

Type of virtualization applied by a host operating system to provision an
isolated execution environment for an application
● Docker
● Parallels Virtuozzo
● OpenVZ

Question 20

High Availability

Answer 20

• Services experience very little downtime when using the cloud
  ▪ Availability is the percentage of uptime versus downtime

Question 21

Scalability

Answer 21

Ability to increase the number of items in a system at a linear rate or less than a linear rate

Question 22

Rapid Elasticity

Answer 22

▪ The ability to quickly scale up or down
● Elasticity is the system’s ability to handle changes to demand in
real time

Question 23

Metered Utilization

Answer 23

▪ Being charged for a service on a pay per use basis
- The benefit of using the cloud is that most things are done on a metered
basis

Question 24

Measured Services

Answer 24

• Charging is based upon the actual usage of the service being consumed
  ▪ Measured services are charged based on the actual usage of the service
  being consumed

Question 25

Public Cloud

Answer 25

Systems and users interact with devices on public networks, such as the
Internet and other clouds

Question 26

Private Cloud

Answer 26

Systems and users that only have access with other devices inside the
same private cloud or system

Question 27

Hybrid Cloud

Answer 27

Combination of private and public clouds

Question 28

Community Cloud

Answer 28

Collaborative effort where infrastructure is shared between several
organizations from a specific community with common concerns

Question 29

Software Defined Network (SDN)

Answer 29

• Enables the network to be intelligently and centrally controlled, or
  programmed, using software applications
  o Application Layer
  o Control Layer
  o Infrastructure Layer
  o Management Plane
• Way of virtualizing the network hardware

Question 30

File Synchronization

Answer 30

The ability to store data that can spread to other places depending on the
configuration

Question 31

On-Premise Solution

Answer 31

• The need to procure hardware, software, and personnel necessary to run
  the organization’s cloud
• On-premise solution allows the ability to control all the physical and
  logical access to servers

Question 32

Application Layer

Answer 32

Focuses on the communication resource requests or information about the network as a whole

Question 33

Control Layer

Answer 33

Uses the information from the applications and decides how to route a data packet on the network

Question 34

Infrastructure Layer

Answer 34

Contains the network devices that receive information about where to move the data