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Microbiology 210 > Virology > Flashcards

Virology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Viruses differ from living cells in that

A

They are acellular
Have EITHER DNA or RNA
Unable to reproduce independent of cells

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2
Q

For viral replication, a virus must

A

Invade a host cell and cause it to reproduce viral enzymes and components

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3
Q

Viral components are later assembled to form a

A

Complete virus

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4
Q

Bacteriophage are…..to a bacteria

A

Specific

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5
Q

Morphology of a virus

A

Nuclei acid core (DNA or RNA)

Surrounded by capsid composed of capsomeres

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6
Q

Viral symmetries

A

Icosahedral and helical

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7
Q

Lytic

A

Virulent

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8
Q

Lysogenic

A

Temperate or avirulent

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9
Q

Cultivated via

A

Living host cells

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10
Q

virulent bacteriophage may be used in …. for detection. Of and identification of ….

A

Phage typing

Pathogenic bacteria

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11
Q

Bacteria are characterized by their

A

Resistance or susceptibility to a particular virus

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12
Q

The multiplication of a virulent bacteriophage is called the …. because the host is usually lyse in the final stage

A

Lytic cycle

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13
Q

Steps of the lytic cycle

A 
Adsorption/attachment
Penetration
Biosynthesis
Maturation
Lysis
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14
Q

Adsorption/attachment

A

Attachment of particular virus to the cell wall of a specific bacteria. Attachment to specific receptor site

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15
Q

Penetration

A

Injection of nucleic acid of virus into the host. May be chemical (lysozyme) or mechanical

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16
Q

Biosynthesis

A

Nonessential host metabolism is shut down and host genome is degraded.

Host uses viral DNA to produce early proteins (enzymes that degrade the host genome and replicate viral DNA. The host then produces late proteins to synthesize viral components and to assemble those components during maturation.

17
Q

Viral DNA and capsids assembled into complete viruses

A

Maturation

18
Q

Eclipse

A

Period of time when no complete viruses are present

19
Q

Lysis

A

Phage lysozyme lyses bacterial cell wall and the replicated viruses are released. The number of viruses released per host cell is called burst size

20
Q

Picornaviridae

A

Genus: Enteroviruses - polio viruses
Disease: Polio

Genus: Rhinoviruses
Disease: common cold

21
Q

Calciviridae

A

Genus: Norovirus
Disease: Acute gastroenteritis

22
Q

Togaviridae

A

Genus: Rubivirus
Disease: Rubella

23
Q

Orthomyxoviridae

A

Genus: influenza virus

24
Q

Flavivirdae

A

Genus: Zika, Dengue, Hep C , Yellow Fever

25
Q

Paramyxoviridae

A

Mumps virus

Rubeola virus

26
Q

Reoviridae

A

Rotavirus - vomiting and diarrhea in children

27
Q

Rhabdoviridae

A

Rabies

28
Q

Retroviridae

A

HIV1 and HIV2 (aids)

HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 (T cell leukemia)

29
Q

Coronaviridae

A

Coronavirus - upper respiratory infections, bronchitis

30
Q

Filoviridae

A

Ebola virus

31
Q

DNA viruses

A

(Poxy, herpes, adeno, papova, hepadna)

32
Q

Poxviridae

A

Orthopoxvirus-

Smallpox, cowpox

33
Q

Herpesviridae

A

herpes 1 - cold sore
Herpes simplex virus 2 - genital herpes
Varicella zoster - chickenpox
Epstein-Barr - mononucleosis, lymphoma,

34
Q

Papovaviridae

A

Papillomavirus -warts, genital warts

35
Q

Hepadnaviridae

A

Hepatitis B

36
Q

Hepatitis A

A

Infectious hepatitis benign jaundice)
Transmitted: fecal -oral
Symptoms: flu like, abdominal pain, chills, dark urine, light stools
Treatment: gamma globulins as prophylaxis, vaccine

37
Q

Hepatitis B

A

Serum hepatitis
Causes: sever liver damage, cancer and death. Can be co infection with Hep D

Transmission: contact with body fluids, contaminated instruments, breast milk

Vaccine

38
Q

Hepatitis C

A

Causes liver cirrhosis

Transmitted via body fluids or instruments

No vaccine or guarenteed cure

39
Q

Hepatitis E

A

None-A / None-B, no serological tests approved

Feal/oral transmission

Similar to other symptoms but can be fatal for pregnant women

No FDA approved vaccine

Microbiology 210 (7 decks)

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