Virology Flashcards
Example of a large virus
Pox virus
Example of a small virus
Parvovirus
A virus like protein
AKA spongiforms
Ex: Mad Cow Dz
Prions
A protective protein coating that all viruses have
Capsid
Infect bacteria ONLY
bacteriophage
Lipid membrane surrounds the virus and readily absorbed by cells
Cause persistent infxs
Ex: chicken pox, herpes, flu, rabies,
Envelope viruses
Do not possess an envelope
More difficult to disinfect (steam sterilization is needed)
Ex: parvovirus
Naked viruses
4 stages of virus replication
- Attachment
- Penetration/Uncoating
- Replication and synthesis
- Assembly and release
Most common mucosal surface viruses enter through
Respiratory system
Which step of virus replication does the virus attach to a host cell?
Attachment
Which step of virus replication does the virus produce enzymes to break down the host cell membrane and the genome enters the host cell?
Penetration/Uncoating
Which step of the viral cycle is when the virus replicates itself to ensure it’s survival where the DNA or RNA redirects the host cell DNA to ignore it’s own needs?
The prodromal period (immune system is activated)
Replication
Which step of the viral cycle is where the viral components come together to form virons, the cell ruptures and dies, and the virons are released into the environment?
Assembly/Release
Virus particles
virons
Systemic viral infx
Viremia
Type of viral infx that produces C/S (can be acute or chronic)
Apparent
Type of viral infx where there is no outward C/S
Ex: AIDS, FIV
Non-apparent/Sub clinical/Silent
HIGHLY contagious feline virus that cats will have their whole life
C/S: S+, conjunctivitis, rhinitis, F+, anorexia, corneal ulcers (in severe cases)
Feline Herpes Virus
Supplement given to cats for management of herpes
Lysine
Caused by a retrovirus that affects bone marrow
Transmitted by close contact
C/S: repro problems, F+, D+, susceptible to other infections
Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV)
Caused by a lentivirus
AKA Feline AIDS
Transmitted via bites and severely compromises immune system
Feline Immunodeficiency Virue (FIV)
Caused by a parvovirus
AKA Feline Distemper
C/S: abortion in queens, cerebellar hypoplasia in neonates, GI symptoms, dehydration
Panleukopenia
Rhabdovirus causes
rabies
Causes “Fading Puppy Syndrome”
C/S: ADR, crying, abdominal pain, acute death
Adult K9 usually show no signs, but can pass to neonates
Canine Herpesvirus
Warts that resolve on their own
1-2 mos incubation and INCREDIBLY contagious
Canine Oral Papilloma Virus
Caused by a paramyxovirus
AKA “Hard Pad Dz”
C/S: dehydrated foot pads, F+, lethargy, anorexia, C+, d+, v+
Canine Distemper Virus
Causes canine hepatitis
Similar to Parvo in C/S
Canine Adenovirus
Causes explosive, bloody D+ especially in young pups
Dehydration is a concern, so treated with IV fluids and pepsid
Naked virus that is hard to kill on an inanimate surface
Canine Parvovirus
Attacks the intestinal villi of dogs
Canine Coronavirus
Enveloped virus that causes Gastroenteritis in pups
Canine Rotavirus
Viruses are best cultured before ______ show
C/S
You should try not to send samples to the lab on which days?
weekends
When should you recheck serum/plasma of infected animals?
2-6 weeks
Tissue samples should be at least _______mm thick and fixed in 10% formalin
3-5
Formulated to maintain viability of microorganism in a sample
Charcoal
Type of lab test that utilizes antigen-antibody bond through luminescence
Fluorescent Antibody Test
Type of lab test that indicates a color change for a antigen-antibody test
ELISA
Same principles of ELISA test but uses microscopic beads that stick together when positive
Latex Agglutination Test
