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Clin Lab IV > Mycology > Flashcards

Mycology Flashcards

1
Q

Rounded fungi that reproduce by budding

A

yeast

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2
Q

Parasitic and saprophytic fungi causing cottony growth on an organic substance

A

Mold

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3
Q

Systemic fungi

Yeast at body temp, Mold at room temp

A

Dimorphic fungi

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4
Q

Found on humans

A

Anthropophilic

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5
Q

Parasites of animals

A

Zoophilic

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6
Q

Free living in soil

A

Geophilic

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7
Q

Compared to bacteria, fungi needs less ___________ to survive

A

moisture

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8
Q

Fungus stains what color with Gram stain?

A

Purple (+)

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9
Q

Extremely pathogenic systemic fungi that grows at 37* C

A

Yeast

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10
Q

What kind of colonies does yeast grow on agar?

A

Creamy, pasty colonies

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11
Q

Yeast is __________ than GPCOC

A

bigger

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12
Q

Most common all purpose fungal media

A

Sabourad’s Dextrose Agar

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13
Q

Can also be used to grow yeast

A

Blood agar

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14
Q

It is not possible to ID most yeast by

A

microscopic examination

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15
Q

Yeast is IDed by using

A

biochemicals

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16
Q

How long should yeast be incubated?

A

3-5 days

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17
Q

Yeast that is commonly found in avian excreta, especially pigeon droppings
Can be aerosolized, inhaled, and could be 100% fatal if untreated
Cats are most commonly infected (nasal discharge and unresponsive to abx)

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

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18
Q

Found in cytoplasm of macrophages
Dimorphic soil fungus and most common in Ohio, Missouri, and Mississippi River Valley
Inhalation of spores is most common route of infex
Bird and bat droppings

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

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19
Q

Dimorphic soil fungus in semi-arid areas such as California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas
Can take weeks to years to develop C/S
Young males more likely to be infected

A

Coccidioides immitus

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20
Q

Dimorphic fungus
Mycelial phase found in soil and cultures, large thick walled yeast form in tissues
3 clinical forms: primary pulmonary, disseminated dz, and local cutaneous infex
More prevalent in dogs (HUNTING BREEDS) than cats

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

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21
Q

Yeast that causes thrush, stomatitis, and pneumonia in birds

A

Candida albicans

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22
Q

Common yeast in dogs and cats - Otitis externae and dermatitis
Dx made by impression smear
Skin scales and infected hair samples can be mixed with KOH and dissolve debris

A

Malassezia pachydermatitis

23
Q

2 types of molds

A
  1. Saprophytes

2. Dermatophytes

24
Q

Type of mold that is free living

A

Saprophytes

25
Q

Type of mold that causes skin infections

Ex: ringworm

A

Dermatophytes

26
Q

Molds grow _____ hyphae

A

aerial

27
Q

How do molds appear on media?

A

Furry/Fuzzy

28
Q

Molds produce a fruiting body that produce

A

spores

29
Q

Most commonly used media for mold growth
Selective media containing antibiotics to inhibit bacteria and other fungus
Indicator turns red in 72 hrs if contains dermatophyte

A

DTM (Dermatophyte Test Medium)

AKA Fungassay

30
Q

Genus of fungi that causes tinea capitis, tinea corpus, ringworm, and other dermatophytes

A

Microsporum

31
Q

Genus of pathogenic fungi that causes dermatophytoses in the hair, skin, and nails of humans

A

Trichophyton

32
Q

Genus of fungus that causes superficial and cutaneous mycoses

A

Epidermophyton

33
Q

2 types of test mediums for mold

A
  1. DTM

2. Derm Duet

34
Q

Mold should be incubated at what temp?

A

Room temperature

35
Q

If there is fluffy white to apricot growth on DTM it is

A

Dermatophyte +, ringworm +

36
Q

If there is black, brown, dark green growth on DTM it is

A

Saprophyte +, ringworm -

37
Q

How should DTM be stored for incubation?

A

Room temp, loose cap for aerobic growth, and in a dark place

38
Q

Mold media that is a plate with 2 sides (DTM and Rapid Sporulation Media)

A

Derm Duet

39
Q

No matter which product you use, you must examine the specimen under the _____________ to make a proper Dx

A

microscope

40
Q

Which slide prep involves using Lactophenyl Cotton Blue stain(LPCB) or NMB and using a pair of flammed teasing needles to pick mold from a plate?

A

Tease Prep

41
Q

Which slide prep tends to be gentler and leaves the mold more intact?
Utilizes clear, transparent tape to obtain mold from plate

A

Scotch Tape Prep

42
Q

Morphologic feature that is long slender tubes

A

Hyphae

43
Q

Which type of hyphae contain walls or divisions

A

Septate hyphae

44
Q

AKA conidia
Usually how mold grows
Micro or Macro

A

Spores

45
Q

Spores enclosed in sacs and are released from these

A

Fruiting bodies

46
Q

Dz caused by dermatophytes is called

A

Dermatomycosis, cutaneous mycosis, or ringworm

47
Q

Alopecia in a circular area, hyperkeratosis, and possible redness or brown spots can be seen with

A

Dermatomycosis

48
Q

Dermatophyte that fluoresces under UV light
Most common cause of ringworm
ZOONOTIC

A

Microsporum canis

49
Q

Dermatophyte that causes ringworm in pigs, cats, horses, cattle, chickens, hedgehogs, guinea pigs, kangaroos, and rabbits

A

Trichophyton mentagrophytes

50
Q

Most common dermatophyte in cows

Infects humans but will not fluoresce under black light

A

Trichophyton verrucossum

51
Q 
Produces macroconidia (giant spores with thick walls)
Spindle or boat shaped
A

Microsporum

52
Q

Produces microconidia
Small spores that are tear shaped and in grapelike clusters
Slender and elongated

A

Trichophyton

53
Q

A saprophyte seen in birds that is a common cause of serious URI
Opportunistic

A

Aspergillus

Clin Lab IV (5 decks)

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