Virginia Henderson Flashcards
Born on March 19, 1897 in Kansas City, Missouri
Virginia Henderson
Interest in nursing evolved during World War I from her desire to help the sick and wounded military personnel
Virginia Henderson
She enrolled in the Army School of Nursing in Washington D.C., and graduated in 1921
Virginia Henderson
she worked with a Canadian nurse named Bertha Harmer to revise a book entitled ______________, where she gave her first definition of nursing
Virginia Henderson
Textbook of the Principles and Practice of Nursing
Textbook of the Principles and Practice of Nursing ________, and it is in this book where Henderson’s ultimate definition of nursing was written
Nature of Nursing
Focus on individual care is evident when she stressed on the idea of assisting individuals with essential activities to maintain health, to recover, or to achieve peaceful death.
Virginia Henderson’s
Fourteen Fundamental Human Needs
She proposed 14 components of basic nursing care to enhance her definition of nursing. The definition of nursing and the 14 components together outline the functions the nurse can initiate and control.
Virginia Henderson’s
Fourteen Fundamental Human Needs
She also considered the biological, psychological, sociological, and spiritual components of the individual.
Virginia Henderson’s
Fourteen Fundamental Human Needs
Fourteen fundamental human needs (physiological):
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(1) Breathe normally
(2) Eat and drink adequately
(3) Eliminate Body Waste
(4) Move and maintain desirable posture
(5) Sleep and rest
(6) Select Suitable clothes
(7) Maintain normal body temperature
(8) Keep the body clean and well-groomed to protect the integument
(9) Avoid dangers in the environment and avoid injuring others.
Fourteen fundamental human needs (psychological):
(10)
(14)
(10) Communicate with others in expressing emotions, needs, fears, or opinions.
(14) Learn, discover, or satisfy the curiosity that leads to normal development and health and use the available health facilities.
Fourteen fundamental human needs (spiritual and moral):
(11)
(11) Worship according to one’s faith.
Fourteen fundamental human needs (occupation and recreation):
(12)
(13)
(12) Work in such a way that there is a sense of accomplishment
(13) Play and participate in various forms of recreation
Biological knowledge is the basis to determine appropriate care needed to alleviate the illness or injury.
Biophysiological Concept
Learned from the family and other social groups.
Concept of culture
the ability to react and understand the patient’s thoughts, feelings, and responses.
Interaction-communication
Henderson referred to a person as a patient.
Virginia Henderson
Person
An individual who requires assistance to achieve health and independence or in some cases, a peaceful death.
Virginia Henderson
Person
To function to the utmost, he must be able to maintain physiological and emotional balance.
Virginia Henderson
Person
health as a quality of life and is very basic for a person to function fully. As a vital need, health requires independence and interdependence
Virginia Henderson
Health
The level of health is directly related to the patient’s ability to independently satisfy his or her basic needs
Virginia Henderson
Health
Since health is a multifactor phenomenon, it is influenced by both internal and external factors which play independent and interdependent roles in achieving health.
Virginia Henderson
Health
She also gave emphasis in prioritizing health promotion as more important than care of the sick.
Virginia Henderson
Health
All external conditions and influences that affect life and development.
Virginia Henderson
Environment
The environment is composed of the following components:
(1)
(2)
(3)
Virginia Henderson Environment
(1) biological - all living things
(2) physical - sphere in which all living things operate (ex: sunlight, water, oxygen, nutrients)
(3) behavioral - social interactions, customs, economic, political, and religious systems
Henderson asserted that nurses function independently from the physician but in coordination with the therapeutic plan developed by the health team.
Virginia Henderson
Nursing
Another special role of the nurse is to help both sick and well individuals. Care must include people from all walks of life, from the well to the sick, and from the newborn to the dying. The care given by the nurse, as Henderson stressed, must empower the patient to gain independence as rapidly as possible.
Virginia Henderson
Nursing
Definition of nursing was considered as the “signature “ of the profession.
Virginia Henderson
Nursing
