Ernestine Wiedenbach

Question 1

Born in Germany in 1900 and later migrated to the USA during her early childhood

Answer 1

Ernestine Wiedenbach

Question 2

She graduated from Wellesley College in 1922 with a liberal arts degree. Her interest in nursing had been stimulated by her ailing grandmother

Answer 2

Ernestine Wiedenbach

Question 3

She enrolled in the Post Graduate Hospital School of Nursing, though she had been expelled from this program after she served as the spokesperson for student grievances

Answer 3

Ernestine Wiedenbach

Question 4

She wrote Clinical Nursing – A Helping Art, in which she described her ideas about nursing as a “concept and philosophy”

Answer 4

Ernestine Wiedenbach

Question 5

Wiedenbach postulated that clinical nursing is directed toward meeting the patient’s perceived need-for-help.

Answer 5

Ernestine Wiedenbach
The Prescriptive Theory/Helping Art of Clinical Nursing

Question 6

Her theory is a situation-producing theory and may be described as one that conceptualizes both a desired situation and the prescription by which it is to be brought about. Thus, it directs action toward a specific goal.

Answer 6

Ernestine Wiedenbach
The Prescriptive Theory/Helping Art of Clinical Nursing

Question 7

It is also known as “commitment”. It is that which the nurse wants to accomplish; the overall goal toward which she is striving; the mission she believes is hers to accomplish.

Answer 7

Central Purpose

Question 8

The ___________- defines the quality of health she desires to affect or sustain in her patient and specifies what she recognizes to be her special responsibility in caring for the patient.

Answer 8

Ernestine Wiedenbach
Central Purpose

Question 9

This commitment is based on the individual nurse’s philosophy. Philosophy of the nurse motivates her to act, guides her thinking, and influences her decisions. It is unique to each nurse and is expressed in her way of nursing.

Answer 9

Ernestine Wiedenbach
Central Purpose

Question 10

Three essential components for a Nursing Philosophy:
(a)
(b)
(c)

Answer 10

(a) reverence for the gift of life
(b) a respect for the dignity, worth, autonomy, and individuality of each human being
(c) a resolution to act dynamically in relation to one’s beliefs

Question 11

It is a directive for activity that specifies both the nature of the action and the necessary thought process.

Answer 11

Ernestine Wiedenbach
Prescription

Question 12

It indicates the action appropriate in implementing the basic concepts and the kind of behavior needed to carry out those actions.

Answer 12

Ernestine Wiedenbach
Prescription

Question 13

These actions may be voluntary or involuntary, where voluntary action is an intended response and involuntary action is an unintended response.

Answer 13

Ernestine Wiedenbach
Prescription

Question 14

Three Kinds of Voluntary Action
a.
b.
c.

Answer 14

a. mutually understood and agreed upon action
b. recipient-directed action
c. practitioner-directed action

Question 15

Realities consist of all factors physical, physiological, psychological, emotional, and spiritual - that are at play in a situation in which nursing actions occur at any given moment.

Answer 15

Ernestine Wiedenbach
Realities of the situation

Question 16

The Five Realities are:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

Answer 16

a. the agent
b. the recipient
c. the goal
d. the means
e. the framework

Question 17

it refers to the nurse or health care provider. She is considered as the propelling force that moves the actions toward the accomplishment of the goal.

Answer 17

a. the agent

Question 18

The agent has the following responsibilities: specify the objectives of her practice, practice nursing according to her objectives, engage in activities that contribute to her self-realization & to the improvement of nursing practice

Answer 18

a. agent

Question 19

it refers to the recipient of nursing actions. The recipient is vulnerable, dependent on others, and risks losing individuality, dignity, worth, and autonomy.

Answer 19

b. the recipient

Question 20

It refers to the desired outcome that the nurse wants to achieve. Identification of the goal gives focus to the nurse’s action.

Answer 20

c. the goal

Question 21

it refers to how the agent meets her goal. It includes skills, techniques, procedures, and devices that may be used to meet the goal.

Answer 21

d. the means

Question 22

it refers to the surroundings that influence reality. It consists of the human, environmental, and organizational facilities that affect the nurse’s ability to obtain her goal.

Answer 22

e. the framework

Question 23

any individual who is receiving help

Answer 23

Widenbach
Person

Question 24

Possesses unique potential, strives toward self direction and needs stimulation. Whatever the individual does represents his or her best judgment at the moment. Self awareness and self acceptance are essential to the individual’s sense of integrity and self worth. Wiedenback believes these characteristics require respect from the nurse.

Answer 24

Wiedenbach
Person

Question 25

Wiedenbach does not define the concept of health, however, she supports WHO’s definition of health as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.

Answer 25

Wiedenbach
Health

Question 26

In Wiedenbach’s work, she incorporates the environment within the realities - a major component of her theory.

Answer 26

Wiedenbach
Environment

Question 27

One element of the realities is the framework - a complex of extraneous factors and circumstances that are present in every nursing situation.

Answer 27

Wiedenbach
Environment

Question 28

The framework may include objects such as “policies, setting, and atmosphere, time of day, humans and happenings.”

Answer 28

Wiedenbach
Environment

Question 29

The practice of identification of a patient’s need for help >if the need for help requires intervention, the nurse facilitates the medical plan of care and also creates and implements it based on needs and desires of the patient

Answer 29

Wiedenbach Nursing

Question 30

A goal-directed activity requiring the application of knowledge and skill toward meeting a need for help

Answer 30

Wiedenbach Nursing

Question 31

the practice of nursing comprises:
1.
2.
3.

Answer 31

1. identification of the patient’s need for help -nurse observes the patient, determines the cause of problem, and confirms need for help
2. administration of the help needed -nurse gives advice and carries out a therapeutic action
3. validation
   -the nurse verifies if the actions were helpful