viral serology (EBV)

Question 1

diagnosis

• Indirect Hemagglutination ≥ (1:256)
• EIA (+)

Answer 1

E. histolytica

Question 2

diagnosis

• ASO (≥ 1:240)
• Anti-DNAse B (≥ 1:240)
• Anti-Hyaluronidase (≥ 1:512)

Answer 2

S. pyogenes

Question 3

diagnosis

• Immunodiffusion (+)
• Latex Particle Agglutination (≥ 1:80)

Answer 3

Candida sp.

Question 4

diagnosis

• Cold Agglutinins ≥ 1:128
• Complement Fixation ≥ 1:32
• EIA (+)

Answer 4

M. pneumoniae

Question 5

can distinguish heterophile sheep cell agglutinins in human serum caused by IM, serum sickness, and Forssman antigen.

Answer 5

davidsohn differential test

Question 6

• principle: absorption-hemeagglutination
• exposure of test serum to both beef and guinea pig cells which causes absorption of either one or both of these antibodies
• guinea pig cells and beef rbcs
• heterophil Abs in patient’s serum
• indicator cells: sheep rbcs
• the “absorbed agglutinins” (precipitates) are removed by centrifugation and the resultant fluid (supernatant) are then tested with sheep rbc

Answer 6

davidsohn differential test

Question 7

are stimulated by one antigen and will react with unrelated antigens from different mammalian species.

Answer 7

heterophile antibodies

Question 8

diagnosis

• Immunodiffusion (+)
• Complement Fixation (≥ 1:32)

Answer 8

• Aspergillus sp.
• H. capsulatum

Question 9

reacts with sheep, ox (beef), horse and guinea pig cells

Answer 9

heterophil antibodies in serum sickness

Question 10

most useful marker for acute IM

Answer 10

IgM anti-VCA

Question 11

diagnosis

• Indirect IFA ≥ 1:64
• EIA (+)
• Western Blot IgG ≥ 4 of 9 bands
• Western Blot IgM ≥ 2 of 9 bands

Answer 11

B. burgdorferi

Question 12

diagnosis

• Indirect IFA (≥ 1:64)
• EIA (+)

Question 13

• EA-D is also found in the (?).
• IgG antibodies to EA-D can be indicators of (?).
• IgG antibodies to EA-R are sometimes seen in young children who have active (?), but not in infected young adults.

Answer 13

• nucleus
• active disease
• IM infection

Question 14

present at the onset of IM, persist for life (which indicates past infection)

Answer 14

IgG anti-VCA

Question 15

Causative agent of: Burkitt’s Lymphoma, Nasopharyngealcarcinoma, Infectious Mononucleosis (IM)

Answer 15

EBV

Question 16

diagnosis

• Indirect Hemagglutination ≥ (1:128)
• EIA (+)

Answer 16

Cystercosis

Question 17

diagnosis

EIA (+)

Answer 17

H. pylori

Question 18

• is an acute, self-limiting disease typically seen in young adults.
• The disease is characterized by fever, sore throat, cervical lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and mild hepatitis.
• The WBC count is elevated, and reactive lymphocytes are seen in the peripheral blood.
• There is a relative and absolute lymphocytosis.
• The average incubation period is approximately 2 to 8 weeks

Answer 18

infectious mononucleosis (IM)

Question 19

used for any substance that stimulated the formation of sheep hemolysin (anti-sheep cells)

Answer 19

forssman antigen

Question 20

diagnosis

• RPR (+)
• VDRL (+)
• FTA-ABS (+)

Answer 20

T. pallidum

Question 21

diagnosis

• Immunodiffusion (+)
• EIA (≥ 1:32)

Answer 21

B. dermatitidis

Question 22

• reacts with sheep cells, ox (beef) cells and horse cells but not with guinea pig cells
• not forssman in nature

Answer 22

heterophil antibodies in IM

Question 23

diagnosis

Indirect IFA (≥ 1:64)

Answer 23

• R. rickettsi
• E. chaffeensis

Question 24

diagnosis

Indirect IFA (≥ 1:128)

Answer 24

B. henselae

Question 25

(?) antibodies to EBNA develop slowly but can remain detectable throughout life.

Answer 25

IgG

Question 26

* The heterophile antibodies of IM are (?) antibodies and are seen in 50% to 70% of patients with IM. * They persist for (?) to (?) weeks after infection.

Answer 26

* IgM * 4, 8

Question 27

* guinea pig cells are injected into rabbits>> Ab fotmation * Abs formed: anti-guinea pig cells and anti-sheep cells

Answer 27

forssman

Question 28

* principle: absorption-hemeagglutination * guniea pig, kidney cells, and beef rbcs * heterophil Abs in patient's serum * indicator cells: horse rbcs * same patterns with davidson

Answer 28

monospot

Question 29

# diagnosis Indirect IFA (≥ 1:256)

Answer 29

L. pneumophila

Question 30

based on the principle that horse RBCs are agglutinated by the heterophile antibodies of IM.

Answer 30

monospot test

Question 31

* principle: hemeagglutination * presumptive/screening test * incapable of determining specificity and is only indicative of the presence or absence of heterophil Abs * 2% suspension of sheep rbcs * heterophil Abs in patient's serum * (+) result: hemaggln = presence of heterophil Abs

Answer 31

paul bunnel test

Question 32

* The virus is ubiquitous; 80% to 90% of healthy (?) have EBV antibodies. * EBV infects (?)

Answer 32

* adults * B lymphocytes

Question 33

* (?) antibodies against VCA are detectable early in the infections, but disappear within (?) to (?) months. * (?) antibodies against VCA develop within (?) week after infection and can persist for life.

Answer 33

* IgM * 2, 4 * IgG * 1

Question 34

# diagnosis * Bentonite Flocculation (≥ 1:5) * EIA (+)

Answer 34

T. spira

Question 35

reacts with guinea pig cells, horse and sheep cells but not with beef cells

Answer 35

heterophil antibodies of forssman

Question 36

antibodies produced by unrelated species which can cross-react with the same antigen

Answer 36

heterophil antibodies

Question 37

appears during convalescence

Answer 37

anti-EBA

Question 38

# diagnosis EIA (≥ 1:32)

Answer 38

Toxocara sp.

Question 39

found in the nuclei of all infected cells.

Answer 39

EBNA (epstein-barr nuclear antigen)

Question 40

# diagnosis Widal Test (≥ 1:160)

Answer 40

S. typhi

Question 41

* Can detect only the presence or absence of heterophile antibodies. * It cannot determine the specificity of the antibodies

Answer 41

paul-bunnell test

Question 42

seen also in acute IMS

Answer 42

anti-EAD

Question 43

are found in the cytoplasm of infected B lymphocytes.

Answer 43

* EA-D (early antigen-diffuse) * EA-R (early antigen-restricted)

Question 44

found in the cytoplasm of EBV infected lymphocytes.

Answer 44

VCA (viral capsid antigen)