Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IMSE (FINALS) > bacterial serology (syphilis) > Flashcards

bacterial serology (syphilis) Flashcards

1
Q

VDRL delivery needles

  • 18 gauge needle without bevel that will deliver 60 drops of antigen suspension per mL
  • Ring Diameter = 14 mm
A

qualitative serum VDRL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

antigens

  • NON VIRULENT, cultivable variant of T.pallidum;
  • Commonly used in Complement fixation tests and TPI
A

reiter treponeme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

results

RPR and FTA reactive

A

pos for syphilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

antigens

VIRULENT strain; used in FTA-ABS

A

nichol’s treponeme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

(?) results in both RPR and VDRL may occur in endemic treponematoses, herpes simplex virus (HSV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), intravenous drug use, leprosy, malaria, pregnancy, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

A

False-positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

CS stage

A seropositive patient usually becomes nonreactive approximately 6 months after treatment.

A

primary stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

test for LATE neurosyphilis

A

FTA-ABS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

results

  • RPR reactive
  • FTA nonreactive
A

neg for syphilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
  • Principle : Hemeaggln
  • Rgt Ag: tanned formalin sheep RBC coated with treponemal antigen
  • Ab: px’s syphilitic serum
  • (+) result -hemeaggln
A

MHA-TP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CDC recommended SCREENING test

A

RPR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

results

ELISA and RPR reactive

A

pos for syphilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

VDRL

  • major reacting complement: (?)
  • enhance of cardiolipin: (?)
  • remove the anti-complement activity of cardiolipin: (?)
  • SERUM: (?) rpm for (?) minutes
  • CSF: (?) rpm for (?) minutes
A
  • cardiolipin
  • cholesterol
  • lecithin
  • 180, 4
  • 180, 8
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

TREPONEMAL ANTIBODY DETECTION:

A
  • FTA-ABS test
  • TPI
  • ELISA
  • hemagglutination tests
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

NT for syphilis

specific type of precipitation that occurs over a narrow range of antigen concentrations; Antigen consists of very fine particles

A

flocculation

  • RPR
  • VDRL
  • TRUST
  • USR
  • RST
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
  • specific antibodies developed in response to T.pallidum infection;
  • IgM = primary, IgG = secondary
A

ATA (anti-treponemal antibodies)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Human syphilis is caused by the spirochete

A

Treponema pallidum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
  • Standard test to which other treponemal test are evaluated.
  • Involves mixing of patient serum with live, actively motile T. pallidum extracted from testicular chancre of a rabbit and complement.
A

TPI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

prevent lipid oxidation

A

EDTA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

CDC recommended CONFIRMATORY test; NOT for CSF

A

TP-PA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

results

  • ELISA and FTA-ABS reactive
  • RPR nonreactive
A

late, latent, or previous syphilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q
  • (?) is an agglutination test. Modified VDRL Test.
  • Antigen is similar to the VDRL antigen with the addition of the following: Charcoal, EDTA, Thimerosal, Choline Chloride
  • (?) is the specimen of choice, although plasma may be used.
  • Uses a (?).
  • Antigen delivery: (?) gauge
  • Serum: (?) rpm for (?) minutes
A
  • RPR
  • unheated serum
  • plastic cards
  • 20
  • 100, 8
22
Q

CS stage

If treatment occurs this stage, the patient usually becomes nonreactive within 12 to 18 months after treatment. Patients treated 10 years or more after infection may always remain seropositive.

A

secondary stage

23
Q

two types of nontreponemal test (screening tests) for syphilis

A
  • flocculation
  • complement fixation
24
Q

VDRL delivery needles

  • 21 or 22 gauge needle that will deliver 100 drops per mL.
  • Ring Diameter = 16 mm, 1.75 mm depth
A

CSF VDRL

25
Q

MONITORING of treatment in diagnosed cases of syphilis

A

RPR / VDRL

26
Q

preferred test for CSF in suspected TERTIARY syphilis

A

VDRL with reflex to titer

27
Q

TPI

  • Test is considered positive if ≥ (?) treponemes are immobilized
  • doubtful result (?)
  • negative (?)
A
  • > 50
  • 20-50%
  • <20%
28
Q
  • Syphilis can be transmitted to a fetus after the 18th week of gestation.
  • Treatment of the infected mother before the 18th week will prevent infection; treatment after the 18th week will cure it
A

congenital syphilis

29
Q

VDRL or RPR

  • method: flocculation
  • detects: reagin
  • antigen: cardiolipin
  • positive reaction: microscopic clumps
  • specimen: inactivated serum CSF
  • reactivity during sensitivity: May be neg in primary stage. Titers usually peak during secondary or early late stages. Titers in late stage, even when untreated. More rapid decline with treatment. Becomes nonreactive in 1–2 yr following successful treatment.
  • false positives: Biologic false pos with infectious mononucleosis (IM), infectious hepatitis, malaria, leprosy, lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, advanced age, pregnancy. Reactive in other treponemal infections such as yaws & pinta
A

VDRL

30
Q

test for syphilitic lesions (PRIMARY or SECONDARY syphilis)

A

darkfield examination

31
Q

more sensitive than the VDRL test for the detection of primary syphilis.

A

RPR

32
Q
  • (?) is a qualitative and quantitative agglutination test using heat-inactivated patient serum.
  • Inactivation of Serum: 56*C for (?) minutes.
  • Reactivation of Serum: 56*C for (?) minutes.
  • (?) can also be used.
  • Uses a slides with ceramic ring.
  • Antigen: 0.03% (?), 0.9% (?), 0.21% (?)
A
  • VDRL
  • 30
  • 10
  • CSF
  • cardiolipin
  • cholesterol
  • lecithin
33
Q

stages

  • Highly contagious and is generally considered to begin after the second year of infection.

[————-]
* absence of clinical symptoms
* patients are non-infectious at this time
* pregnant women can pass the disease to fetus even if they don’t exhibit symptoms
* serologic tests (spinal fluid - nonreactive)

A

latent stage

34
Q

VDRL or RPR

  • method: flocculation
  • detects: reagin
  • antigen: cardiolipin with charcoal
  • positive reaction: macroscopic agglutination
  • specimen: serum
  • reactivity during disease: May be neg in primary stage. Titers usually peak during secondary or early late stages. Titers in late stage, even when untreated. More rapid decline with treatment. Becomes nonreactive in 1–2 yr following successful treatment.
  • false positives: Biologic false pos with infectious mononucleosis (IM), infectious hepatitis, malaria, leprosy, lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, advanced age, pregnancy. Reactive in other treponemal infections such as yaws & pinta
A

RPR

35
Q

inactivates complement

A

choline chloride

36
Q

fascilitates reading

A

charcoal

37
Q

non-specific antibodies of Treponema because they are directed against the protein antigen group common to pathogenic spirochetes

A

reagin

38
Q

two treponemal antigens

A
  • reiter treponeme
  • nichol’s treponeme
39
Q

stages

  • Inflammatory lesions (chancres) appear 2 to 8 weeks after infection and last for 1 to 5 weeks.

[———————]
* hard chancre
* develops between 10 and 90 days after infection
* MALES: usually occurs outside penis
* FEMALES: may occur on vagina or cervix
* lasts from 1-6 weeks
* dark field microscopy
* serologic tests usually gives NONREACTIVE results

A

primary syphilis

40
Q

Make use of specific treponemal antigens used to detect anti treponemal antibodies developed in response to treponemal infection

A

treponemal tests for syphilis

41
Q

NON-TREPONEMAL ANTIBODY DETECTION:

A
  • VDRL
  • RPR test
42
Q

two syphilis antigens

A
  • wasserman antigens
  • treponemal antigens
43
Q

treatment for congenital syphilis

A
  • penicillin (DOC)
  • tetracycline
  • erythromycin
44
Q

stages

  • Usually occurs 6 to 8 weeks after chancres first appear. This stage is characterized by a generalized rash, and secondary lesions may develop in the eyes, joints, or central nervous system (CNS).

[———–]
* condyloma latum (wart-like lesions in moist areas of the body)
* systemic dissemination occurs
* usually observed about 1-2 months after chancre disappears
* symptoms include generalized lymphadenopathy, malaise, fever, pharyngitis, rash on skin and mucous membranes
* dark field microscopy and sero tests

A

secondary syphilis

45
Q
  • detects treponemal antibodies by using a killed suspension of T. pallidum as an antigen and a fluorescein-conjugated antihuman globulin reagent.
  • The serum of patients who have syphilis also contains an antibody distinct from the anti reagin antibody. Tests for these antibodies are used as confirmatory tests when reactive results are obtained using screening methods. These tests are also used to determine antibody titers.
A

FTA-ABS

46
Q
  • Outside the host, (?) is SUSCEPTIBLE to a variety of physical and chemical agents that rapidly bring about its destruction.
  • Under anaerobic conditions in various media, the organism can remain viable and motile up to (?) days at (?) degC.
  • This organism has not been recovered from blood, serum, or plasma stored at (?) degC for more than (?) hours
A
  • T. pallidum
  • 15
  • 35
  • 4
  • 48
47
Q

stages

  • Is characterized by granulomatous lesions known as gummata. These lesions may develop in skin, mucous membranes, joints, muscles, and bones

[—————]
* Gummas and Neurosyphilis
* gummas are localized areas of granulomatous inflammation that are most often found on bones, skin, or subcutaneous tissue
* sero tests

A

tertiary stage

48
Q
  • Principle : Hemagglutination
  • Rgt. Ag: glutaraldehyde stabilized turkey RBC coated with treponemal antigen
  • Ab: px’s syphilitic serum
  • (+) result hemeaggln
A

TPHA / HATTS

49
Q

antigens

Made up of cardiolipin (diphosphatidyl glycerol) which is isolated from cardiac muscle

A

wasserman antigens

50
Q
  • is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum.
  • can cause many signs and symptoms similar to other diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and thus is nicknamed ‘the great imitator’.
  • has symptomatic and asymptomatic stages. If left untreated, syphilis can have significant consequences to the infected individual (long-term neurological and cardiac disease), to pregnancy (stillbirth and congenital infection), and to public health (ongoing spread in the population).
A

syphilis

51
Q

VDRL delivery needles

  • 19 gauge needle without bevel that will deliver 75 drops of antigen suspension per mL, 23 gauge needle that with or without bevel that will deliver 100 drops of saline per mL.
  • Ring Diameter = 14 mm
A
  • quantitative serum VDRL

IMSE (FINALS) (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions