Viral response Flashcards

1
Q

which paper

A

Huber 2014

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2
Q

adaptive arm of the immune response is important in

A

limiting and clearing viral infection

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3
Q

humorula response

A

antibodies specific to virus

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4
Q

antibodies

A

capture and neutralise virus before it enters another host cell

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5
Q

if antibodies are ineffective

A

viruses are able to infect host cells- can only be cleared by cellular arm of the immune system

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6
Q

virus uses protein synthesis machinery of

A

host cell

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7
Q

once virus has started using host machinery to synthesise own proteins…

A

some of the newly mae proteins will be degraded into peptide fragments and bind to MHC I molecules

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8
Q

MHC I peptide complex presented to

A

CD8 T cell

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9
Q

what providee stimulation necessary for CD8 T cell

A

DC and CD4 T cell

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10
Q

during initial phase of viral infection

A

signify increase in number of CD8 T cell

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11
Q

antigen presenting cells that reside at the site of infection can…

A

take up viral particles from extracellular sources- present them on MHC II molecules

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12
Q

CD4 T cells can subsequently

A

be activated by recognising particle in MHC II molecles

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13
Q

CD4 T cells provide

A

cytokine sand chemokine that exert cytotoxic function

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14
Q

Th1 generally characterised by production of

A

IFN-Y and TNF-a

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15
Q

Th generally characterised by

A

production of IL-4, Il-5 and IL-13

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16
Q

Treg produce

A

IL-10 and TGF-B

17
Q

Treg do what

A

dampen effector functions- limiting immunopatholgy

18
Q

efficient ntival adaptive response is

19
Q

virus’ can down regular Th1 response by

A

down regulating production of interferons

- e.g. HepB- persistent infection

20
Q

most viral vaccines are based on

A

inducing antibody responses

- poor inducer of T cell responses

21
Q

due to T cells being imrpotnant in protection against viral infections

A

need a T cell inducing vaccine

22
Q

by including what in a vaccine

A

a peptide, which can be presented by MHC molecules to CD4 and CD8 T cells- T cell response generated

23
Q

why is a peptide vaccine better than a classical protein vaccine

A

induces both CD4 and CD8 T cell response

24
Q

classical protein vaccine

A

does not induce CD4 and CD8 response

25
peptide vaccine is a
synthetic, small, protein fragment | - induces T cell responses
26
peptide vaccine won't alway induce
humeral response (B cell)
27
live attenuated vaccine (capable of replication within cell)
- induces both B and T cell response | - however risk of contamination
28
example of a viral adjuvant
Montanide
29
montanide
a strong adjuvant which causes lesions t site of infection (HPV vaccine)
30
before HPV vaccine implimented
montanide adjutant must be replaces
31
ultimate goal in viral vacation is to
protect against rapidly mutating viruses such as influenza (need for a universal vaccine that protects against multiple strains)