Viral infections in pregnancy Flashcards
How is parvovirus B19 transmitted?
Respiratory/blood-borne transmission
How does parvovirus present?
Can be asymptomatic Fever Malaise Erythema infectiosum (“slapped cheek syndrome”) Transient aplastic crisis (especially in those w/sickle cell / spherocytosis)
What are the risks to the fetus if a pregnant woman contracts parvovirus B19?
less than 20 weeks there is a 3% risk of Hydrops fatalis
over 20 weeks much less risk
What is the treatment for a fetus affected by maternal parvovirus?
Intrauterine transfusion
What is the incubation period for parvovirus?
6-8 days
What sort of genetic material does the rubella virus consist of?
RNA
How is rubella transmitted?
Respiratory transmission
What is the incubation period for rubella?
12-21 days
What percentage of people infected with rubella are “subclinical” (very few symptoms)?
20-50%
What is the classical rubella presentation?
Flu like symptoms followed by pinpoint macular-papular rash and lymphadenopathy (in adults)
How is rubella diagnosed?
Serology of saliva swabs
How does a maternal rubella infection affect a fetus
90% develop congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), which may include: cataracts, glaucoma, heart disease, loss of hearing, retinopathy, splenomegaly, mental retardation and meningioencephalitis 20% incidence of spontaneous abortion if infected
How does a maternal rubella infection affect a fetus >13 weeks?
Between 13-18 weeks may have hearing defects and occasionally retinopathy At >20 weeks there is no documented risk to the fetus
What are the risks to the fetus if a pregnant woman contracts influenza?
5x greater risk of stillbirth 3x greater risk of preterm delivery No congenital abnormalities
How is influenza prevented in pregnant women?
Vaccination recommended
What are the risks of measles during pregnancy?
Intrauterine death/miscarriage Preterm delivery Increased maternal morbidity
