Viral infections in pregnancy Flashcards
How is parvovirus B19 transmitted?
Respiratory/blood-borne transmission
How does parvovirus present?
Can be asymptomatic Fever Malaise Erythema infectiosum (“slapped cheek syndrome”) Transient aplastic crisis (especially in those w/sickle cell / spherocytosis)
What are the risks to the fetus if a pregnant woman contracts parvovirus B19?
less than 20 weeks there is a 3% risk of Hydrops fatalis
over 20 weeks much less risk
What is the treatment for a fetus affected by maternal parvovirus?
Intrauterine transfusion
What is the incubation period for parvovirus?
6-8 days
What sort of genetic material does the rubella virus consist of?
RNA
How is rubella transmitted?
Respiratory transmission
What is the incubation period for rubella?
12-21 days
What percentage of people infected with rubella are “subclinical” (very few symptoms)?
20-50%
What is the classical rubella presentation?
Flu like symptoms followed by pinpoint macular-papular rash and lymphadenopathy (in adults)
How is rubella diagnosed?
Serology of saliva swabs
How does a maternal rubella infection affect a fetus
90% develop congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), which may include: cataracts, glaucoma, heart disease, loss of hearing, retinopathy, splenomegaly, mental retardation and meningioencephalitis 20% incidence of spontaneous abortion if infected
How does a maternal rubella infection affect a fetus >13 weeks?
Between 13-18 weeks may have hearing defects and occasionally retinopathy At >20 weeks there is no documented risk to the fetus
What are the risks to the fetus if a pregnant woman contracts influenza?
5x greater risk of stillbirth 3x greater risk of preterm delivery No congenital abnormalities
How is influenza prevented in pregnant women?
Vaccination recommended
