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MICRO BIO > Viral Genomes and Diversiyy > Flashcards

Viral Genomes and Diversiyy Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Obligate intracellular parasites

A

Virus

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2
Q

Complete, fully developed, infectious viral particle

A

Virion

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3
Q

Virion length

A

20 to 300 nanoneters

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4
Q

Nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat

A

Capsid

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5
Q

Capsid composed of protein subunits

A

Capsomere

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6
Q

A unit of viral structure, consisting of a capsid with the enclosed nucleic acid

A

Nucleocapsid

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7
Q

Long rods that may be rigid or flexible

A

Helical Virus

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8
Q

Morphology, the capsule shape is icosahedron and capsomeres are equilateral triangle

A

Polyhedral virus

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9
Q

Rough speherical

A

Enveloped Virus

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10
Q

Polyhedral virus enclosed with an envelope

A

Enveloped polyhedral virus

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11
Q

Bacterial viruses have complicated structures

A

Complex viruses

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12
Q

Viral symmetry

A

Helical symmetry
Icosahedral
Complex

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13
Q

Rod shaped viruses (Tobacco Mosaic Virus)

A

Helical symmetry

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14
Q

Spherical shaped virus (Adenovirus, Herpes)

A

Icosahedral

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15
Q

Composed of several separate capsomere and symmetry (Poxvirus, Bacteriophage)

A

Complex

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16
Q

Viral genome

A

Consist of DNA or RNA
Linear or circular
Single or Double stranded

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17
Q

The single stranded genome has _____ and ______ sense

A

Positive and negative

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18
Q

Configuration that have the exact same base sequence as that of the viral mRNA to be translated to form viral proteins

A

Plus configuration

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19
Q

Complementary base sequence to viral mRNA

A

Minus configuration

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20
Q

Living characteristics of Viral Genome

A

They reporoduce but in host cells only
They can mutate

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21
Q

Non living characteristics of viruses

A

Acellular and contain no cytoplasm or organelles
Carry out no metabolism
Can be DNA or RNA

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22
Q

Viruses with DNA genome

A

Bacteriophage fX174
Bacteriophage M13

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23
Q

Contains circular genome of 5386 nucleotides inside a tiny icosahedral virion about 25nm in diameter

A

Phage fX174

24
Q

Filamentous virus with helical symmetry, virion is long and thin and attaches to pilus of its host cell

A

Phage M13

25
Q

Double stranded DNA bacteriophages

A

Phage 17
Phage Mu

26
Q

Positive strand RNA viruses

A

Polio Virus
Coronavirus
Phage MS2

27
Q

Negative strand RNA animal viruses

A

Rabies virus
Influenza Virus

28
Q

T or F

There are negative strand RNA bacteriophages or archaeal viruses

A

F (no known)

29
Q

Double stranded RNA Viruses

A

Reovirus
Rotavirus

30
Q

Virus that use reverse transcriptase

A

Retrovirus
Hepadnavirus

31
Q

A DNA virus enters host cell before it begins to replicate

A

Class 1 - dsDNA virus

32
Q

Have circular genomes and replicate mostly within nucleus by a rolling circle mechanism

A

Class II ssDNA virus

33
Q

Replicate in core capsid of the host cell cytoplasm

A

Class III: dsRNA virus

34
Q

Have positive sense RNA genomes. They can be read by ribosomes and translate to proteins

A

Class IV ssRNA virus

35
Q

Negative sense RNA genome, that must be transcribed by a viral polymerase in order to produce readable strand

A

Class V ssRNA virus

36
Q

Positive sense, single stranded RNA genome but replicate through a DNA intermediate

A

Class VI Positive sense ssRNA reverse transcriptase virus

37
Q

Have double stranded genome but replicate through ssRNA intermediate

A

Class VII dsDNA reverse transcriptase

38
Q

Has been responsible in naming viruses

A

International committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)

39
Q

ICTV names viruses based on

A

Nucleic acid type
Strategy for replication
Morphology

40
Q

Order names ends in

A

Ales

41
Q

Family names ends in

A

Viridae

42
Q

Genus names ends in

A

Virus

43
Q

A group of viruses sharing the same genetic information

A

Viral species

44
Q

3 types of Bacterial identification

A

Western blotting
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLP)
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

45
Q

Viruses that infect bacteria

A

Bacteriophages

46
Q

Bacteriophages that replicate through the lyctic life cycle. They lyse the host bacterium.

A

Virulent phages (Lytic cycle)

47
Q

Do not immediately initiate lyctic cycle, rather becomes a non infectious prophage

A

Temperate phages (lysogenic cycle)

48
Q

Used for detecting viruses

A

Plaque Assay Method

49
Q

A process where the virus cannot replicate or reproduce unless the virion itself had gained entry into a suitable cell

A

Viral infection

50
Q

Are infectious proteins

A

Prions

51
Q

Infectious species of RNA, harmful to plants

A

Viroids

52
Q

Difference of lyctic and lysogenic viral infection

A

Lyctic
DNA destroyed
Lysogenic
Merge with cell DNA

Lyctic
Produce progeny phages
Lysogenic
Not produce progeny phages

53
Q

Virus lyctic cycle

A

Attachment
Penetration
Synthesis
Assembly
Release

54
Q

Virus may replicate and destroy host

A

Virulent lytic infection

55
Q

T or F

Viruses cause cancer

A

T

MICRO BIO (5 decks)

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